JFK Assassination :: essays research papers

Intrigue: The Killing of a President In 1976, the US Senate requested a new investigation into the death of President John F. Kennedy, who was killed in 1963 during a motorcade in Dallas, Texas while battling for re-appointment. Individuals who had been associated with the first Warren Commission examinations were approached to offer new expressions. The FBI and the CIA were convinced to discharge a greater amount of their reports on Oswald. New lines of request were opened and people who had not recently given proof were convinced to approach. Generally significant of all, bits of proof, for example, photographs and sound chronicles were exposed to logical examination utilizing the most state-of-the-art strategies and gear. The House Select Committee on Assassinations (HSCA) finished their examination in 1979 and they at long last went to a discrete decision that Lee Harvey Oswald discharged three shots at Kennedy, one of which executed the president. A fourth shot was discharged from the verdant glade, which was oppos ing to the announcement printed by the Warren Commission 16 years sooner. They presumed that John Kennedy was killed as the consequence of a connivance. Â Â Â Â Â The examination was requested straightforwardly after the deaths of two other major political figures; the social equality pioneer Dr. Martin Luther King and the Presidents sibling Robert Kennedy, in 1968. Normally these occurrences excited monstrous doubt and the American open began addressing why such a significant number of key US figures had been killed in the space of only four years, when beforehand this sort of episode had been uncommon. The HCSA was keen on investigating the likelihood that the deaths were connected. At the time there was likewise an expanding consciousness of defilement and outrage inside the administration. The Watergate Scandal in 1974 including President Nixon had obviously indicated that American government was not so much liberated from unfairness. Therefore, individuals began scrutinizing the conduct of the administration, and the amount it was keeping away from its kin. This is doubtlessly why Americans turned out to be progressively op en and pulled in to the possibility of a scheme behind Kennedy's passing. Â Â Â Â Â The open turned out to be significantly progressively intrigued by the Kennedy death after books, for example, Rush to Judgment, by Mark Lane and Inquest, by Edward Jay Epstein started to fall off the press. They quickly turned out to be blockbusters and assumed a huge job in bringing issues to light with respect to the death. Thus individuals began to ask more and hypotheses emerged that others or associations had been engaged with Kennedy's death than had been recently suspected.

Journal Entry Essay

In the twentieth century, the diary of my Irish predecessor, Detective Robert Shorts, was found during an Estate deal. He moved from Ireland in the mid 1850’s as a youngster and spent the later piece of his life as Detroit’s Detective and, later, Police Chief. Coming up next are his words. October 24, 1872, Detroit. It was a dim time. The city had been protected since the 1830’s, so sheltered that ladies could stroll about without their spouses or go to work without an escort. Presently. All things considered, presently things were dim. I wound up remaining nearby the most recent casualty, entirely, fashionable, not a whore. A woman of means, killed without trying to hide. I thought about what the world was coming to. Back in Ireland, this could never have happened to her. Things were diverse there. The principle distinction being that in Ireland, you knew where the awful neighborhoods were, and except if you were there for reasons unmentionable, you kept away from them like the plagueâ€for that’s what it would get you, and that would be the best of things. Things had changed so a lot on the off chance that you didn’t know the new structures around you could get effortlessly lost and end up in an awful spot. Which is most likely what befallen the woman, I considered. I didn't see anything that would have put her in this dim rear entryway that used to be a little, marginally urban park. My hand laid on my gun as the city’s best encompassed me to take photos of the scene and lay the tape that would seal this woman’s destiny in history as one of the main casualties of sorted out wrongdoing. December 26, 1880, Detroit. I was named Police Chief today, brought in to work to have the light passed on to me as the last Police Chief had been killed by malevolent individuals from the crowd. Starting at yet, we have captured nobody in the reviled plague of murders that have been an aftereffect of their sorted out wrongdoing since I started as Detective on the power in the mid 1870’s. As the occasion passed me without festivity, I started to ask why I at any point resulted in these present circumstances nation. I came alone, without guardians to help me, and with just my brains to get me to this nation of opportunity and motivation. America. Place that is known for the free, daring, and risky. I don’t realize what most outsiders were thinking or where we got such thoughts. In any case, in exchanging wrongdoing for business, the facts confirm that I make more in compensation in one month today than I at any point made in over two years of manufacturing plant work back in Ireland. However, in glancing out my window, I thought about what there was to feel roused about when in excess of six slaughterhouses encompassed the area. I needed to persevere through the rotten smell of spoiling meat throughout each and every day while I worked my cases. The city hall leader has guaranteed change in the zone of development, and a business area, which would put the business sectors and organizations on an alternate square, yet that perfect appears to be far off. The papers said today that the city has seen broad development, moving the populace from 2,000 to more than one hundred sixteen thousand in the previous fifty years (Schneider, 3). That’s more than one hundred thousand individuals who include moved inside the city lines in the previous fifty years. It’s no big surprise the city is fumbling in wrongdoing and un-arranged development. From what I’ve seen, this sensational increment has supported the volume of wrongdoing and murder than it has for the achievement or advancement of the city, yet there is any desire for a renewal from the modern upheaval clearing the country, in any event, arriving at a dim spot like Detroit.

Project 4 Essay

Venture 4 Essay Venture 4 Essay Aya Abdulrahman Educator Rife English 1100 25 November 2014 Messaging is Destroying English Will messaging influence our English? The appropriate response is truly, it can. It appears I can’t walk anyplace without seeing in any event one individual stuck to their telephone screen composing ceaselessly as quick as possible. â€Å"Adolescents detailed getting 46.03 and sending 45.11 instant messages per day† (Cingel and Sundar 1310). The English language resembles a wonderful sea, when it's dirtied, it turns out to be appalling and undesirable. A great many people cherish and appreciate the messaging language since it's basic and quick. Messaging is accounted for as the most favored correspondence style (Cingel and Sundar 1306). Messaging does change and hurt the English language from numerous points of view. It shows more youthful ages an inappropriate structure and sentence structure of the English language. It additionally influences the individuals who are recently acquainted with the English language. I accept that messaging will change the English language later on so much that it will end up being an odd language to talk. Consistently and decades English has changed a ton. The presentation of cellphones and messaging has exceptionally affected the manner by which individuals convey (Kemp and Bushnell 18). Individuals no longer need to make calls to stay in contact with loved ones, they would now be able to type a short message expressing whatever they have to state. Individuals don't communicate in English a similar way it was spoken several years prior. Another word comes out each day, and messaging has a major job in that change. I have perceived how individuals state a similar word they use in instant messages in their genuine discussion like LOL which means roar with laughter, ROFL which implies â€Å"rolling on the floor laughing†, and the rundown goes on. A few people not just utilize the messaging language when they talk, yet they work it out too. I have been in a class where my educator was so vexed in light of the fact that a portion of the understudy utilized the messaging language and even emojis in their schoolwork, expositions, and tests. A few understudies don't appear to have the option to shift back and forth between content talk and typical English in a homeroom setting. â€Å"Average sent word adjustment, comprising of truncations, letter exclusions, and homophones, was found to contrarily foresee language structure score, to such an extent that it represented more change than grade (Cingel and Sundar 1316). Along these lines, the messaging language is beginning to command the English language Messaging is generally risky and hurtful on the more youthful ages. Youngsters appreciate messaging the most among every single other age, which makes it quicker and simpler for them to rule and blend the messaging words and images with the English language. A few outcomes recommend there’s relationship among's messaging and awful test outcomes. â€Å"A study was directed to test the relationship between instant message utilization of 6th, seventh, and eighth grade understudies and their scores on a disconnected, age suitable sentence structure appraisal test. Of the 229 understudies reviewed it indicated expansive help for the negative connection between tech talk and grammar† (Cingel and Sundar 1304). Messaging doesn't just influence the English language itself, yet it influences how those youngsters speak with one another when they talk. This implies they will convey this new dialect to the people to come, and it will change the English language. Messaging not just depreciate the English language, it makes it good for nothing as well. For instance, I have a companion who likes to state ILY a ton, which signifies I love you. Some individuals even say HBD rather than saying Glad Birthday to me. It looks bad to utilize these articulations. Images and words like these not just change and hurt the English language; they change and debilitate connection between individuals. The manner in which individuals impart is about emotions and the implications of this excellent language. Tragically, utilizing messaging language slaughter those sentiments and the genuine significance of what individuals need to state and what they really mean. Another effect of messaging is that it makes it harder for

Help With Assignments at College

Help With Assignments at CollegeIf you're trying to help with assignments at college, here are some tips to make your job easier. Most people don't need help with assignments. However, if you are having trouble getting work done, your assignment, work, or class may be too much for you to handle.One of the most common reasons people aren't getting work done is because they are not following through on their classroom assignments. In your English class, write the final exam before your next due date. You will need this because it allows you to reflect and then submit your paper. Write in a notebook to capture your ideas, and then study your notes. Then, when you're ready, take a quick run through to check that you don't have any mistakes.In your physics class, draw out the midterm. This will give you time to do some of the more difficult work so you don't get overly stressed and frustrated. If you have a good idea of what you want to do with your midterm but don't have the necessary re sources, you may want to leave it until the end of the semester so you have plenty of time to study and write up a revision. Your deadline may also be at the end of the semester so you can still keep track of your grades and goals.Another reason you may not get enough work done is because you've become too stressed out and distracted from the class or your work. Keep your focus, and try to resist the urge to look over your assignments and see if anything can be added or changed. I know many students who stay in class throughout the night or early morning just to make sure they finish the essay, which can be frustrating. They don't care about grades as much as they do the lesson.You should also try checking out the online applications for your classes. It can really help you focus better on your assignments. This allows you to take your time to study, and it gives you more time to practice the different skills needed for your assignments. Remember that they don't exist to grade your assignments, and if you spend a lot of time on your online applications you'll find that you get more done with less time.One problem may be that you have a low GPA. High GPAs are often a result of not writing enough essays, not doing enough coursework, or simply not having the right mindset to do your assignments. Try a new approach to help with assignments, and see how well you do.It may be a good idea to discuss this with your professor or guidance counselor. You'll probably be surprised at how helpful they can be. By taking a few minutes to discuss your problems, you can make sure that you have the best chance to succeed in your classes.

Women In Homers Iliad And The Woman In Genesis - 1379 Words

The women in Homer’s Iliad and the women in Genesis both exhibit the accepted societal values in a woman through their duties as wives, which typically consists of obedience and the ability to sustain their husband’s lineage. Rebekah and Andromache both assume their roles as wives, but sometimes act in ways outside of what was considered normal in their society. Though both Rebekah and Andromache maintain the classic role of a wife, they occasionally contradict the expectations of how a woman should behave by making decisions traditionally made by men. Through revolutionary behaviors demonstrated by both women, they grant themselves more authority and power in decision-making, which in turn affects the fate of each woman’s family. Both†¦show more content†¦6.455-456). Andromache pleads with Hector to stay with her and her son while the war progresses, using her suggestions of military action to prevent Hector from facing his foreseen destiny of being kil led by Achilles. This type of request followed by her ability to share her insight and advice with her husband demonstrates not only the type of relationship the two have between one another, but how Andromache steps out of the classic idea of being one with very limited power in her ability to influence her husband’s views. She states her views to take initiative for her own self-interest, not just her husband’s. Hector takes this advice, but ultimately his own self-interest controls his actions, just like Andromache’s does to her, and decides to leave for the war so that he maintains his honor (timÄ“), but before leaving he asks her to â€Å"go back to the house now and take care of [her] work† (Il. 6.515). Hector now orders Andromache to do her wifely duties and Andromache obeys as she â€Å"went back home† (Il. 6.520). Here she exhibits a sort of contradiction to her previous actions, from being outspoken and making decisions to reversing ba ck to her boundaries as a wife by obeying her husband’s demands. Paradoxically, Andromache’s previous behaviors would show that she is defying social norms, however she recognizes her limitations once Hector rejects her ideasShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Homer s The Iliad 3570 Words   |  15 PagesInterdisciplinary Studies Dr. Packer Eric G. Shuping March 3, 2015 Final Paper Homer’s poem, The Iliad, explains to us how the Trojan War started with Paris stealing Menelaus wife, Helen, and affected the lives of the Greek and Trojan people. The gods and warriors all desire to earn their honor to prove they are great, which Homer proves that it ends disastrously at times. Homer’s definition of honor in Iliad shows us that the gods, Greeks, and Trojans will do anything to prove their honor,Read MoreThe Iliad And The Book Of Genesis1590 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluences every event In Homer’s The Iliad and The Book of Genesis, from birth to death. Divine forces determine if Andromache and Rebekah’s actions can be successful or not. In The Iliad, moira determines everything and guides everyone; whereas in the book of Genesis, God’s will determines what will be done and influences people to act. It is moira that causes people to suffer death and destruction, as moira is one’s fate, or the amount of life they are given on Earth. In The Iliad, everyone is limitedRead MoreShakespeare and Cultural Hegemony Essay1842 Words   |  8 Pagesscholar Antonio Gramsci meanwhile he was imprisoned within a fascist jail in the 1920s.2 Creating a sexist doctrine that rules over early societies it filters itself into the pages of some of the most renowned historical pieces of literature. The Iliad by Homer, the Oresteia Trilogy by Aeschylus, the Old Testament, and Decameron by Boccaccio can all be studied from a feminist viewpoint in criticism of their show of masculine hegemony. Eternally famous playwright and innovator of our English languageRead MoreTreatment of Women in Ancient Literature Essay1647 Words   |  7 PagesWomen are constantly portrayed as tempting men by using their sexual charms. And so women who remained chaste were held in a higher esteem than those who highlighted their sexuality. Walcot writes, â€Å"The Greeks believed women to be incapable of not exercising their sexual charms and that the results were catastrophic, irrespective of whether or not women set out to cause trouble deliberately or acted in a blissful ignorance of what they were doing† (39). In Homeric tales we see the character Odysseus

I Am Planning On Buying The Xulu Panelbeaters - 1630 Words

Pastor... I m planning on buying the Xulu panelbeaters.#10; I want my Valentine. I want to be with her. Nzuzo... is this true? Um... Yes, we love each other. - What do you mean you love each other? - Melusi, I didn t plan any of this. Ever since I came back you call me Melusi and not Baba, because you love him! - We didn t know you d come back. - I m not talking to you! Look, we didn t do this on purpose. We spent a lot of time together after the case... I m talking to my wife! After the case? Zulu, you ve been making a fool of me. I took you in, and you made a move on my wife in my house! #10; It wasn t like that! You took advantage of my confusion when I came to you asking for help! You forced me to help†¦show more content†¦I m sorry. We re still searching. I ll let you know if there s any news. #10; - Please do, Sergeant. Thank you. - It s my pleasure. - Why this now? - Goodbye. Why does this always happen to me? Why? It ll be okay. They ll find your mother. Dad, tell me! I ve just broken up a fight. Ma can t even look me in the eye. What happened?#10; - This has nothing to do with you. - It does, Dad! Go to bed. We ll talk in the morning. I ll leave you, then. It must be really bad... if you slept here. Mxolisi, we ll talk... †¨#10; but not now. I see what s going on here. If you do, then why are you asking? So this is about Ma and Mageba, your friend? #10; Your mother and I... have a lot to talk about. I need to think very carefully about my next move. I m leaving. Ma? My dear, is this what you really want? There s no other way. I m sorry, Melusi. What? And now? So you re getting a divorce? Mxolisi, this doesn t change anything between you and me. Dad? No! Ma, what does this mean? Are you really getting a divorce? We ve just been reunited. Come on! I ll find a place to stay. You stay here with Mxolisi. #10; I ve disappointed you many times. Let me do this for my family. #10; Melusi, we ve tried everything. I m sorry. I have to leave. I m the one who chose this. I m the one who s going to leave. - Ma? - Son, I love you. And that ll never change. Dad? Ma? Please wait, Ma. Hey, nana. I heard you fiddling

Thesis free essay sample

Chalked Husseins aim was to not only call attention to the devastation in Afghanistan; he set out to remind the world that before he last few decades under the worlds scrutinizing eye slighting the negativity of the country, Afghanistan was a generally peaceful nation. Afghanistan gained international attention after the coup of 1973. From 1933 until 1973 Afghanistan was ruled by monarchy. On July 1 7th 1 973 power was seized from the monarchy and by April 1978 the power of the country lied in the hands of the PDA or the peoples Democratic party of Afghanistan.The military coup was nearly bloodless, but was still a very frightening time for the people of Kabul who heard rioting and shooting in the streets; as is depicted through the eyes of Emir, the protagonist of The Kite Runner. The PDA instituted many political and social reforms in Afghanistan, including abolishing religious and traditional customs. The reforms incensed groups of Afghans who believed in adherence to traditional and religious laws. Based on the analysis and interpretation of data, it was found out that most of the respondents are female. Most of the respondents are place in the first sibling position.Almost all of the respondents belong to an average income family and all the respondents owned a television and cell phone. It was also found out that the experimental group got a higher score than the passing score than the control group. There is a significant difference between the performance of the control and experimental group and on how the experimental group perceived the effectiveness of video lesson with respect to content, visual effect and clarity, the overall mean is 3. 82 noted as Outstanding.Based on the findings, it was concluded that the experimental group accomplish a score higher than the passing score than the control group. With this, it can be well observed that the students had a greater knowledge and absorption of the lesson taught through the use of video lesson. It is recommended that the School administrator should employ and make use of video lesson and other instructional materials in the classroom teaching and learning process. Social Studies Teacher must guide the students on the limitation of using technology and the use of video lesson in teaching and learning Social Studies.

Research Paper on Spanish-American War Essay Example

Research Paper on Spanish-American War Essay Spanish-American War Research Paper By the second half of the 19th century the United States declared its sovereignty and became the independent state. The United States were constituted on a strong ideological basis. The prevailing national idea was the aspiration to freedom and the new democratic values. The people of the United States realized their mission to spread the ideals of freedom beyond the boundaries. In 1840’s the leaders and politicians introduced the new term, Manifest Destiny (Manifest Destiny). This term explained and approved the expansion of the American ideals of freedom to the West. The country developed rapidly and there was real need to expand its territory. There were some reasons for such expansion. First of all the land was the indication of wealth for the colonists. There was a high growth of population in the country. The country passed two depressions, in 1818 and 1839. The frontier lands were cheap or even free. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Spanish-American War specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Spanish-American War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Research Paper on Spanish-American War specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer The 19th century was the century of reshaping the political map of the world. Spain which used to the superpower was loosing its world domination. By the second half of the 19th century Spain had its possessions only in the Pacific, Africa, and the West Indies. Much of the empire had gained its independence and the areas remaining under the Spanish influence were about to demand their independence. Now and then there were revolts in Cuba and the Philippines and the Spanish government had neither financial resources nor appropriate manpower to coup with the numerous revolts against the Spanish rule. The Spanish government found the best solution to build the concentration camps in Cuba for rebels. Faced with defeat, and a lack of money and resources to continue fighting Spanish occupation, Cuban revolutionary and future president Tomas Estrada Palma secured $150 million dollars from a U.S. banker to purchase Cuba’s independence, but Spain refused. He then deftly negotiated and propagandized his cause in the U.S. Congress, eventually securing the bill for U.S. intervention (Wikipedia). On February 15, 1898, the American battleship USS Maine in Havana harbor suffered an explosion and quickly sank with a loss of 266 men. There was no any distinct proved evidence as for the cause of explosion, but the American press declared it was the act of sabotage of the Spaniards. There were suspicions that there was really an act of sabotage but committed by the Cuban revolutionists to involve the United States into the war with the Spaniards in order to liberate Cuba. So, the formal reason for the war between the United States and Spain was doubtful and unclear. The economic background of the US – Spanish war was expressed by Senator John M. Thurston of Nebraska: â€Å"War with Spain would increase the business and earnings of every American railroad, it would increase the output of every American factory, it would stimulate every branch of industry and domestic commerce.†(Wikipedia). U.S. President William McKinley was not a supporter of the war with Spain, but the explosion of Maine and public opinion created by the press forced him to agree with the decision of starting the war. On April 25, Congress declared that a state of war between the United States and Spain had existed since April 21st (Congress later passed a resolution backdating the declaration of war to April 20th). Thus, the formal reason of the war was suspicions of the Spanish sabotage of the US military vessel. The real reason of the war had an economic background. The official aim of the United States was to liberate Cuba from the Spanish domination. These 3 factors constituted the background of the Spanish war. The US – Spanish war was full of controversies. Though the formal cause of the war was the liberation of Cuba from the Spanish rule, the real reason was the expansionism policy of the United States in the Caribbean. The history of the US – Puerto – Rican relations during the war and after it is the vivid example of the controversial position of the United States in the US – Spanish war. Located at the north east of the Caribbean Sea, Puerto Rico was a key to the Spanish Empire since the early years of conquest and colonization of the New World (Marisabel Bras). Of all Spanish colonial possessions in the Americas, Puerto Rico is the only territory that never gained its independence. Internal and geopolitical dynamics during the last quarter of the nineteenth century, nevertheless, brought dramatic political, social, and economic changes to the island, setting the stage for the development of its national institutions and the transformation of its political system as a United States territory during the twentieth century. During the early 1860s, local Spanish authorities, alarmed by conspiracies from separatist groups, applied severe measures against all acts of dissidence on the island. Freedom of the press was non-existent, and group discussions were monitored by the government. The island was ruled by â€Å"leyes especiales†; extraordinary decrees dictated by the Captain Generals, or governors, appointed by Spain. The establishment of liberal government in Spain between 1869 and 1873 led to granting certain rights to Puerto Ricans. Puerto Rico even got its representation to the Spanish Cortes and self governance from Spain. This period of the short-lived self-government experiment came to an abrupt end one month later with the advent of the Spanish-American War. â€Å"Liberating† Caribbean from the Spanish rule the United States realized the significance of its domination over Puerto – Rico. The island’s value to US policy makers was as an outlet for excess manufactured goods, as well as a key naval station in the Caribbean. The Treaty of Paris gave the United States full control over all former Spanish military installations as well as some 120,000 acres of land formerly owned by the Spanish Crown on the island. The main military posts were located in the capital city of San Juan along with military bases in the towns of Cayey, Aibonito, Ponce, Mayaguez, Aguadilla and the adjacent island of Vieques. Puerto Rico remained under direct control of US military forces until the US Congress ratified the Foraker Law on April 12th, 1900, bringing a civilian government to the island (Marisabel Bras). The US occupation of Costa Rica followed by the long term its annexation is one of the main controversies of the US – Spain war, a controversy between the formal cause, liberating Cuba and the real dominative objective in the Caribbean. At 2.34 am GMT and 5.34 am Baghdad Time on 20th March 2003 (9.34 pm EST on 19th March 2003), the armed forces of the United States of America (â€Å"the USA†) and of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland (â€Å"the UK†) commenced warlike operations against the Republic of Iraq (â€Å"Iraq†) with air and missile strikes against â€Å"targets of opportunity† in Baghdad. Those strikes were eventually followed up by a ground invasion of Iraq, the overthrow of the Iraqi government and the occupation of Iraq (Legality of the Iraq war). The war in Iraq was a part of anti-terrorist operation commenced by the United States after the cruelest terror act ever committed in the history of mankind which got its name â€Å"9/11†. The terrorism became the plague of the present. Though the advocates of the theory of state by Hobbes consider the war to be the natural state of a man, i.e. a state of war is typical for a human being, a war should at least be accompanied by a certain procedures to make it legal if â€Å"legality of war† is applicable in general terms. First of all if we compare both war conflicts in the history of the United States we understand one similar feature. There are economic reasons in the essence of both conflicts. In the case of the Spanish war it was cited by the words of Senator John M. Thurston of Nebraska above. In order to understand the reasons and backgrounds of both wars it is necessary to realize the global political situation preceding both wars. The second half of the 20th century was marked by the Cold War, a strong confrontation of two superpowers, USSR and the United States. That confrontation sometimes approached the military conflict in its development. The thesis â€Å"what is bad for my opponent is good for me† was used throughout this confrontation by both opposing sides. The post-World War II history of relations of the United States and the USSR was the history of the superpowers confrontation. Several times world was under the threat of the global nuclear catastrophe. When the USSR started its aggression in Afghanistan the United States supported the Anti – Soviet regime in Afghanistan. After the collapse of the USSR the usual permanent threat for the United States from the â€Å"Empire of Evil† disappeared but there were a number of groups and regimes provided with the modern arms and technologies by the superpowers. These regimes and groups created their activity on the basis of terrorism, neglecting the norms of the international laws and headed by the irresponsible arms race. Afghan, Iraq and other regimes were among them. The 9/11 became a milestone in the history of global security. It created the distinct borderline between two epochs, an era of military support of â€Å"enemies of my opponent† and the era of realizing that the terrorism regime does care who his enemy is, the most important is the presence of such enemy or if he is absent he should be nominated. The international community got the new global threat but it was not ready to coup with it from the military, political and legal points of view. The formal reasons of both wars where unclear and unjustified. There was neither proved evidences of attack of Maine by the Spaniards no possession of the mass destruction weapon by Saddam Hussein. Spanish war spread beyond Cuba involving a number of countries into it. One of them was Puerto Rico. During May 1898, Lt. Henry H. Whitney of the United States Fourth Artillery was sent to Puerto Rico on a reconnaissance mission, sponsored by the Army’s Bureau of Military Intelligence. He provided maps and information on the Spanish military forces to the U.S. government prior to the invasion. On May 10, 1898, U.S. Navy ships were sighted off the coast of Puerto Rico. Spanish gunners stationed at Fort San Cristobal fired the first shot (a 15-cm breech loaded Ordonez rifle round), missing the USS Yale, an auxiliary ship under the command of Capt. William Clinton Wise. Two days later on May 12, a squadron of 12 U.S. ships commanded by Rear Adm. William T. Sampson bombarded San Juan, Puerto Rico. During the bombardment, many buildings were shelled, terrifying the population of San Juan. On June 25, the Yosemite blocked San Juan harbor. On July 18, General Nelson A. Miles, commander of the invading forces, received orders to sail for Puerto Rico to land his troops. On July 21, a convoy of 3,300 soldiers and nine transports escorted by the USS Massachusetts sailed for Puerto Rico from Guantanamo, Cuba. On July 25, U.S. troops landed at Guanica, Puerto Rico and took over the island with little resistance (Wikipedia). The result of the Spanish war was the United States gained all former colonies of Spain in the Caribbean and Cuba was granted formal independence but this independence was formal and there were a lot of restrictions imposed by the United States. The results of the Spanish war proved the economic basis of the war. The Spanish – American war opened the expansionism policy of the United States. It created very dangerous precedent the consequences of which present nowadays. It showed that the territorial expansion may be done by the war means, the economic goals could be gained by the military conflicts. â€Å"Congress had passed a resolution in favor of Cuban independence before the war started. When the war ended, Congress debated reneging on this promise, but eventually agreed to Cuban independence. However, the Senate passed the Platt Amendment as a rider to an Army appropriations bill, forcing a peace treaty on Cuba which severely curtailed its freedom of action in foreign affairs and allowed the United States considerable freedom to intervene in Cuban affairs. It also provided for the establishment of a permanent American naval base in Cuba, which would lead to the establishment of the base still in use today at Guantanamo Bay. The Cuban peace treaty of 1903 would govern Cuban-American relations until 1934.† (Wikipedia) The United States annexed the former Philippines, Puerto Rico and Guam. Thus the United States became the imperial power with the foreign colonies. It contradicted to the very essence of the United States and its declarations on the independence and democracy. This caused strong opposition inside the country on one hand but it also gained the support of a part of a population heated by the slogans on the pride and the self esteem of a nation. One more very important effect of the American – Spanish war was that it united the nation, the South and the North of the United States. The common enemy made both parties, which had been involved into the Civil War, forget their antagonisms. The annexation of Puerto Rico has been going on up to now. The liberation of Cuba being the major reason of the Spanish war led to the annexation of Puerto Rico and this could not meet an approval of Puerto Rico people. Ramon Emeterio Betances wrote â€Å"I do not want us to be a colony, neither a colony of Spain nor a colony of the United States.† (Wikipedia). On the other hand the Puerto Ricans being the residents of the United States Commonwealth voted to reject the complete independence, but still they are exempt from Federal income tax and other provisions of Federal regulation. One of the lessons of the Spanish war for the United States was the United States at the end of the nineteenth century recognized that its military forces had faced serious organizational, logistical, and medical challenges in that conflict. The war clearly pointed to a need for military reform in the United States, and in its aftermath Congress enacted some critical reform legislation (Hendricks, Charles). Similar lesson was obtained during the Iraq war or the anti-terrorist operation in Iraq. The events of 9/11 made all countries, and the United States in first turn realize a new global threat, a threat of terrorism. The United States of America happened to be unprepared to this new threat. The 9/11 attacks showed that the police methods of preventing the threat of terrorism were insufficient. The terrorists have necessary finance, contacts, and combatants to commit actions which according to their tragic consequence may be compared with those of the military war or operations. The response to those cruel attacks against civilians should have been done by all means. The only question arises on the adequacy of these responses. On the other hand, after finishing the Cold War the problem of proliferation the weapon of mass destruction became of the high importance for the former opponents, the United States and the ex-USSR. Both parties are not interested in the mass destruction weapon proliferation. The main reason of such change is the change of political priorities and inability to control the regimes which would have an access to nuclear or any other mass destructive weapon. On the other hand the attacks 9/11 indicated that the threat does exist and there is no guarantee that the world is safe if terrorists would have the mass destruction weapon. On the other hand, terrorists are not associated with any country directly and the problems of national security which deterred the arms race and the use of weapon do not exist for the terrorists. The terroristsâ €™ organizations may get the nuclear weapon and support from the existing regimes. That means that adequate measures should be taken against the regimes which support terrorists. The next very important question is the legitimacy of such actions from the point of view of the international law. The next question which is no less important than the previous one is if terrorists associated with some particular country, i.e. with its rulers, how legal are the military actions against the entire country. All these questions are similar to those which were on the eve of the American – Spanish War. In the first case there was an attack on Maine, and then the military actions as a response and America annexed some territories, namely Costa Rica as a result. The Iraq war may be considered as the repetition of the historic scenario occurred long ago which led to the war with Spain. The Iraq war is the first war in the history of mankind objected to mass destruction weapon deterrence. The logic of this war is rather controversial. If we link Iraq to 9/11 attacks, as it was done by the Bush Administration, then there is no logic in the war at all. If Hussein had something common with Al-Qaeda and possessed the Weapon of mass destruction, the question is why he did not use his weapon or provide Al-Qaeda with his weapon to commit attacks on the United States. Hussein could not under evaluate the response of the United States no matter what kind of weapon was used. The mass destruction weapon and terrorist attack would cause the similar reaction of the United States. Another question is no less important and maybe even more is the question of the Iraq war legality. The United States assumed the possibility of the preventive wars. If the preventive wars are considered to be legal then what is the legality of such wars. What criteria should define when the war is the only one possible action aimed to prevent the proliferation of the mass destruction weapon? Three types of legislation are involved into the issue of Iraq war and these legislations at least have to answer the question on conformity of the war commencement to the laws. The United States made its best to involve its allies to Iraq war to make it some kind of lawful. The Great Britain entered the war in alliance with the United States. According to the UK legislation, the UK constitutional settlement, a decision to declare war or to commit the armed forces of the Crown to warlike operations is a matter of the Royal will (â€Å"the Royal Prerogative†). In the case of the Iraq, Parliament was asked to authorize the invasion of Iraq by resolution, and the Public Administration Committee of the House of Commons is now looking at ways to develop a new mechanism by which certain categories of Prerogative powers, such as that of going to war may, only be exercised with the consent of Parliament (Legality of the Iraq War). Though the United States acquired the support and assistance of its allies, one of them, the Great Britain acted contradicting its national legislation while joining the United States in Iraq campaign, i.e. illegally. The leaders of the two belligerent powers, the United States of America and the United Kingdom put forward rather different justifications for the invasion of Iraq before the invasion and, since the invasion, as pretexts advanced at the time have proved unjustified, they have shifted their ground. The Bush pretexts for the invasion of Iraq were: that Saddam Hussein’s regime had links to the Al Quai’da terrorists who were responsible for the 11th September 2001 twin towers atrocity in New York; that the Saddam Hussein regime possessed Weapons of Mass Destruction which could fall into terrorist hands; The Blair pretext was limited to the second Bush pretext. Blair acknowledged right from the start that there were no substantiated links between Saddam Hussein and Al Quai’da. In fact Blair’s real reason for joining Bush’s war was his personal belief that the United Kingdom must always support the United States of America in any war (Legality of the Iraq War). The position of the United Nations towards the war conflict in Iraq was expressed by Secretary General Koffi Anand. â€Å"The United Nations secretary general, Kofi Annan, declared explicitly for the first time last night that the US-led war on Iraq was illegal. Mr Annan said that the invasion was not sanctioned by the UN Security Council or in accordance with the UN’s founding charter. In an interview with the BBC World Service broadcast last night, he was asked outright if the war was illegal. He replied: â€Å"Yes, if you wish.† He then added unequivocally: â€Å"I have indicated it was not in conformity with the UN charter. From our point of view and from the charter point of view it was illegal.†( Legality of the Iraq War). The results of the invasion to Iraq are known very well. The United States and its allies failed to find any evidence of the weapon of mass destruction. At the same time it is worth noting that the United States is the only Western democracy which did not sign the international treaties banning antipersonnel landmines and prohibiting the use of incendiary weapons such as napalm and white phosphorus in areas, including cities, where civilians are at risk (The Guardian). After the United States and its allies fail to find what they were supposed to, the new motto appeared; the motto â€Å"to liberate people of Iraq from Saddam†. Such reason can cause nothing but confusion. What is the legal basis of removal of the president of the independent country by means of force? It is unlikely that any existing legislation could find any legal provision for doing it. On the other hand the world community needs to acquire some legal basis to coup with the global terrorism. The Iraq war showed both legal and political collisions. On one hand if assumed that Hussein was the initiator of 9/11 attacks then he needs to be prosecuted by some international tribunal but not by the court in Iraq, a country president of which he was. Hussein as any other political leader had his supporters and opponents in Iraq that is why he could not count on the fair court process from the very beginning. The similarity of the Spanish war and that in Iraq though are not so clear, still could be found. The Spanish war was aimed to expand the American influence in Caribbean; the United States joined the â€Å"club† of colonial owners as a result of the war. The Iraq War is the attempt to legalize the theory of the â€Å"preventive war†. This theory is very dangerous because the limit of â€Å"prevention† has not yet been defined. After the Spanish War America gained the control over the territories which originally had not been parts of the United States. After the Iraq War, America and its allies gained the control over one of the major exporters of oil. There is a lot of confusion in America regarding the terms of â€Å"preventive war† and â€Å"preemptive war†. The preemptive war is the use of force against the threat of attack which is imminent. The classical example of the preemptive war was the 6 Day War of Israel against Syria, Jordan and Egypt in 1967. The results of that war were rather successful. In the US – Iraq case there was no any direct threat or it is better to say â€Å"proved threat† to the national security of the United States. The preventive war is considered to be an attack against the emerging regimes which may bring real threat to national or global security if they develop their arms further. The major reason of the Iraq war was the economical one. Iraq is very attractive for the United States because of its oil deposits. The United States had to re-evaluate the significance of the preventive war after the Iraq occupation. The basic question which had to be answered but was not what benefits the war brought for the national security of the United States. The mass destruction weapon as it was stated above was not found. The links of Hussein to Al Qaeda were not proved. The economic benefits of the Iraq are clear from the statement of the U.S. Energy Information Agency: Iraq contains 112 billion barrels of proven oil reserves, the second largest in the world (behind Saudi Arabia) along with roughly 220 billion barrels of probable and possible resources. Iraq’s true resource potential may be far greater than this, however, as the country is relatively unexplored due to years of war and sanctions. Deep oil-bearing formations located mainly in the vast Western Desert region, for instance, could yield large additional oil resources, but have not been explored. (U.S. Energy Information Agency) The access to the huge oil deposits of Iraq is the main cause of the US intervention against Iraq. The war in Iraq is very similar to Spanish War. The backgrounds of both wars are purely economic ambitions of the United States.

Essay on Huck Finn, by Mark Twain. Relationship between Huck and Jim was nothing more than an alliance of two people, who run away from the society for one simple reason - to be free.

Essay on Huck Finn, by Mark Twain. Relationship between Huck and Jim was nothing more than an alliance of two people, who run away from the society for one simple reason - to be free. PARTNERS."Huck Finn" is a masterpiece of the American literature, written by Samuel Clemens, whom is well know under a pen name Mark Twain. Throughout its whole history, this book had caused lots of different opinions and debates. "Huck Finn" reveals a story about a thirteen-year-old boy, Huck, and a runaway slave, Jim. They fleet down the Mississippi River, meeting new people and lots of exciting adventures on their way. Jim and Huck are two runaways that stick together only to survive, and their relationship can hardly be called a friendship.It is natural that Huck and Jim are getting closer to each other during their journey, and at first sight it might even seem that they are becoming true friends. However there are lots of examples proving that their relationship was nothing more than an alliance of two people, who run away from the society for one simple reason - to be free.The Adventures of Huck Finn (1993 film)Jim wants to technically be free from labor and Huck want to break free from the societies molar rules and obligations, and live the way he feels is right. And their relationship in no way falls under the definition friendshipFriendship is a relationship between two people with more than one common interest, who have similar views on life and its values, and who seek no profit from their friendship.Huck and Jim, though, unite merely because they realize that it is easier to travel together than apart.One may argue that Huck cares about Jim , doesn't want him to get caught and always saves him as in the case with two armed man, who tried to catch Jim, and Huck, in order to save Jim, creates a whole novel about a pap with a smallpox. (81). However it is obvious that Huck does...

Legal Questions Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Legal Questions - Assignment Example 1) Civil Rights Act of 1964: This legislation ended racial segregation and discrimination in public accommodations, such as schools, hospitals and transport system. It also made it illegal for an employer to discriminate against anyone based on race, color, religion, or sex (Scheb and Stephens, 2011). 3) Voting Rights Act (1965): This piece of legislation gave all Americans the right to vote regardless of race, sex, color, or religion. In addition, it brought to an end the literacy tests. Further, it mandated the U.S. attorney to intervene in case of discrimination. The civil right legislations supplement the Equal Protection Clause in the sense that it protects citizens from all forms of discrimination that the Equal Protection Clause also protects people against. The Equal Protection Clause of the 14th Amendment protects citizens from being denied equal protection of the law by the state. This implies that the state has an obligation to treat every person equally in similar circumstances and conditions (Scheb and Stephens, 2011). Normally, when a police officer suspects that an individual is likely to commit a crime, he is allowed to stop the person, tie the suspect’s hands in the outer garments, and search if the suspect may be carrying a hidden weapon. This act of stopping and tying and searching a suspect is what is termed stop and frisk (del Carmen, 2012). Reasonable suspicion and probable cause and legal standards used by police officers in the enforcement of law. Reasonable suspicion is the presumption made by a police officer that a crime has committed or is about to be committed. These reasonable presumptions are based on facts and the situation, which are informed by the police officer’s training and experience. Reasonable suspicion is applicable when a police strongly suspect that an individual has committed a crime or is likely to commit a

Analysis of a real life rhetorical situation Essay

Analysis of a real life rhetorical situation - Essay Example She also pointed out that the baby just needed supervision while playing with her toys making sure that the baby would not put anything in her mouth and would not be climbing furniture. She further reasoned that the baby was also easy to entertain with her blocks and her other toys. I was concerned about watching the baby because I had little experience watching over babies. I did not know how to change a diaper, nor did I know how to feed the baby her formula. I also did not know what to do in case the baby cried. My friend further reassured me that she just changed the baby’s diaper and she also just fed the baby so the baby would not need any changing or feeding in the next two hours. And by then, my friend said she would already be back from her errand. This rhetorical situation that I found myself in mainly involves my friend and her intention or goal to get me to watch her baby for about an hour. Her attitude is earnest as she is posing her request; she is worried about leaving her baby, but she knows she cannot take her baby with her. My friend is a full-time mother and has been married for 3 years now to a sales representative for a pharmaceutical company. Her extended family lives in another state and she and her husband moved in next-door about a year ago. She has credibility in her words and her actions because I could see she is distraught and worried about not having enough milk to feed her baby, but she is also concerned enough about my capabilities in caring for her baby. She takes the time to instruct me on what to do and what not to do while caring for the child. As an audience to this rhetorical situation, I am a student who is currently staying, for the weekend, at my parent’s house. My parents are away for th e weekend and I am alone in our house. I have had little experience caring for children as I am an only child and single. I am reasonably convinced that I would be able to watch the baby for about an

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde coursework Essay Example for Free

Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde coursework Essay Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde has appealed to a wide audience from the first time it was published in 1886 to the present day. What do you think are the reasons for this? The story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was first published in a time when classes separated the rich and the poor. These classes never mixed and never talked. The poor classes lived on one side of London and the rich classes lived on the other. The rich would of never had been thought about the poor because there was very few means of learning. Before the story of Dr Jekell and Mr Hyde the two classes would have read different books but when the book was published it had elements that appealed to both classes. The genre of the book is gothic horror and fiction. The elements of gothic in it are the horror, super natural and the mystery. It also has a dark and very gloomy setting and it talks about the smog lying very low on the floor. For a moment, the fog would be quite broken up, and a haggered shaft of daylight would glance in between the swirling wreaths. This is gothic because it is quite mysterious and spooky. This could appeal to many people because this is like real life with the smog coming under the door. People could relate to this. It always has a dark and gloomy character in it to. In this case its Mr Hyde. This dark and gloomy character first appears in the beginning of the novel were he tramples the little girl. and then the horrible part of the thing; for the man trampled calmly over the chills body and left her screaming on the ground This would have shocked many people at the thought of this tragedy. I think this is such a popular genre because it gives people the fear without actually getting hurt. This would have been the only type of scary entertainment that they had. Readers would have loved the thrill that it gave them. Mr Enfield witnessed the attack and was horrified when discussing it with a friend as they walked through the park. It sound nothing to hear, but it was hellish to see I think that this is a really important part to the story. There were many stories with death and murder in them but this book was particularly unusual. The castle of otranto was the first gothic novel and laid the foundations for future novels such as Frankenstein and Jekell and Hyde. During the 1800s people technology was not as well advanced as it is today so Dr Jekell would not of understood the changes completely. When Mr Jekell takes the potion and begins to transform but he doesnt know that this could change his life forever and eventually led him to death. Hydes house is in the Soho area, which in the 1800s would have been the poorest area in London. The description of the house sound very dark, gloomy, and depressing. This is the kind of area and house that you would expect a murder to come from. On the other hand the other side of London would have been the area were the richest people would have lived. These were well-respected people and these were the people everyone wanted to be. During this time there was a serial killer on the lose Jack the ripper. His first Victims started with prostitutes and eventually moved on the people with little money and no family. He was never caught although there was p pattern to every murder he committed. To many people Jack the ripper was life imitating fiction because the things that he did and the circumstances that he did them in sounded just like a story or a novel. People also thought that that Jack would of got his ideas from the story Jekell and Hyde. This Novel uses suspension and tension all the way through the book. We often have to play a detective in this story and all the way through we are given pieces to fit together. At the end all revels itself and the mystery is solved. In my conclusion Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde was a very enjoyable read. It was also very interesting because it gave an image of what the life was like in the 1800s. I never realised that Victorian life was so hard. Still today I think that many people enjoy the story of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde. I think this is because it is a very unusual book and appeals to a wide audience rather than just one type of person. This could be one of the reasons why it is so popular. This book has been around for almost a 100 years and I think that it has got many more enjoyable years to go.

Aristotle On Ridicule :: essays research papers

In book Four, Chapter Eight of the Ethics, Aristotle applies his philosophical ideals to the concept of humor and good company. He establishes categories and kinds of humor or wit, and sets limits for the behavior that a gentleman and a wise man will accept. At one point, however, he makes the admission that it’s hard to define when ridicule is appropriate. Because people react to ridicule in different ways, according to their temperament.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  This paper will examine the second paragraph of Book Four, Chapter Eight, to determine what it is about â€Å"ridicule† that causes Aristotle to break away from his usual method of analysis to consider other ways of looking at the problem. Specifically, the question of why Aristotle says that propriety in ridicule â€Å"eludes definition† will be considered. The problem is that Aristotle defines ridicule in a later part of the same paragraph, in a way that seems not to admit any acceptable forms.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When looking at good and bad company, Aristotle considers it entirely in terms of â€Å"entertaining conversation,† such as humor, wit, or ridicule. He argues that â€Å"adaptability† in the way we talk to people is desirable, since there is a time and a place for everything. The paragraph begins with indirect definitions of two extremes of humor, the buffoon and the humorless person. A buffoon would rather be a fool and hurt people’s feelings than â€Å"fail to raise a laugh†. A man who never cracks a joke is also falling short of the appropriate behavior, which is the gentleman’s ability to give and take gentle humor in a conversation. A â€Å"wit† is someone â€Å"whose pleasantries do not go too far,† and is always ready with a witty remark or a pleasant joke:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  ...as to the middle state in dealing with the humorous,   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  particularly characteristic of that is social tact or   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  address, which may be defined as the gift of saying just   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  the right things for a gentleman to say and of getting   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  others to say such things to him. This seems to be the meaning of â€Å"good or bad company,† where a person gives and takes pleasure in conversation with others, according to the situation and the subject.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Aristotle defines ridicule, he says that it is a form of â€Å"abuse or slander, and slander in certain circumstances is prohibited by law†. How can there be any propriety in a form of abuse or slander? Aristotle seems to avoid the contradiction, going on to say that the proper gentleman will regulate his own behavior.

Conformity Essay

This argument holds completely true for Americans; through matching standard definitions of tatty, and the reliance on and pervasiveness Of technology, Americans reveal their conformist tendencies. Be it plastic surgery, extreme weight loss, or expensive fashion trends, Americans will do almost anything to conform to society's values of beauty. Throughout the years society values of beauty have changed from realistic women to unreasonably thin supermodels, with Marilyn Monroe dollied as the most beautiful woman of the twentieth century, to Candace Swanlike as the most beautiful of the twenty-first century.Arguably one of the most famous celebrities of all time, Monroe stood at 5 Ft 5. Inches and 140 pounds. Swanlike on the other hand, a Victorians Secret Model, stands at 5 Ft 9 inches and 120 pounds. The new idea of beauty is unreachable for the majority of American citizens, yet women across the country still try to achieve the goal of looking tall and tremendously thin. Trends such as the thigh gap have caused teenage girls across the country to starve their selves in order to be skinny, beautiful, and loved.Stress on looking perfect has resulted in eating disorders amongst America's youth, all trying to lose weight to conform to beauty standards. Although America preaches that each and very individual is beautiful, there are advertisements on television and the radio everyday about plastic surgery such as liposuction and how being ‘fat' is embarrassing. Thousands of dollars will be spent on tummy tucks, spray tans, corsets, and even diet pills in order to look skinny; through engaging in this behavior Americans are conforming to the standard idea of beauty rather than appreciating and accepting their own appearances.This ideal of being thin and conforming to it holds power over a great amount of Americans; through conforming they are adding to the strength and impact of beauty tankards. Skinny is the new beautiful for this nation, and women will do wha tever it takes to achieve that. In present times technology has become an enormous part of our lifestyle, if not dominating it completely. Technology has replaced what was once common for people to engage in, such as manually washing clothes and dishes, face-to-face communication, and using candle powered light.People of the United States feel compelled to possess all kinds of technology so as to make their lives more convenient. Having a smartened is now viewed as a necessity, and something that people assume everyone owns. Even in schools those who do not have smartness are somewhat outcasts when a teacher asks the whole class to pull out their phones. Part of the American Dream is materialistic-?owning the finest of things, such as the best technological devices.The conformity of United States citizens since World War II to seek materialistic pursuits has given technology power over the lifestyles of Americans. Nowadays people cannot live without their technological devices, they have become weak and dependent upon technology, consequently giving it all the power over them and the American lifestyle. Without genealogy, people are unable to do the most colloquial of tasks, such as using a dictionary to look up a word, traveling without the luxuries of a car or airplane, and not rely on running water.By conforming to society materialistic goal of acquiring the best technological gadgets, Americans have given technology complete power over their selves and would not be able to function without it. Although some may argue that America is not a society of conformation, George F. Keenan is ultimately and utterly correct. Something as outrageous as unrealistic beauty standards are strictly followed by many of America's tizzies, consequently giving these standards power over how they live their lifestyle.

The Characteristics of the Silver Maple Tree

The Industrial Revolution Of The Iron Mill By Rebecca...

The industrial revolution was a time of invention, progress and opportunity. However, there was also a darker side to it all. Rebecca Harding Davis, author of Life in the Iron Mills, tells the story of ironworker Hugh Wolfe from a first-person narrator’s point of view. This unnamed narrator of an unspecified gender is part of the more privileged class of society. This person resides in the house that the two protagonists of the story, Hugh and Debora Wolfe, used to live in. The higher-ups of this time had one mindset: there were two worlds society consisted of. Those that had money and were considered ‘civilized’, and the rest of the population, working tirelessly, hardly considered humans. These upper-class characters proposed this idea with a rational, persuasive manner. Davis’ purpose was to show the reader how wrong this view was and expose the evils within the industrial society while also promising a better future. I agree with her purpose, as todayà ¢â‚¬â„¢s society sees the industrial revolution as a very important piece to today’s modern world. This is true, and the industrial revolution had a huge impact on how our world operates and functions today, but the darker side of this time period, working conditions, and morality are generally never discussed. The story starts off with the narrator observing the people below from a window, bustling around a middle-class mill town. The narrator describes the poor quality of the town, smoke from the factories filling the sky andShow MoreRelatedEssay On Life In The Iron Mills1314 Words   |  6 PagesThe modern implications of class can be seen as a general word for groups or group distribution that has become more common. Rebecca Harding Davis’s short story Life in the Iron Mills, together with Raymond Williams’s entry Class delineates the oppressed lower class in a vivid and moving way, exemplifying the impact of social divisions on oppressed working labourers . Davis â€Å"embodies a grim, detailed portrayal of laboring life† (Pistelli 1) with an articulate correlation of Williams’s entry ClassRead MoreThe Reception And Influence Of Rebecca Harding Davis2118 Words   |  9 Pagesthe need to speak out for others, especially the lower classes. However, Rebecca Harding Davis observed the suffering of all humanity and decided to give everyone a voice through her writings. Throughout her career, Davis wrote an innumerable amount of works advocating for equal rights among all people, right up until her death in 1910. The following paper will analyze and discuss the reception and influence that Rebecca Harding Davis’s works of literary realism had on the hierarchy of society, in relationRead MoreThis essay is an analysis of the story the Life in the Iron Mills by Rebecca Harding Davis.1820 Words   |  8 PagesIn Life in the Iron Mills Rebecca Harding Davis reveals a growing industrial America in the nineteenth century, w here an unbelievable level of poverty and limited opportunities of achieving success can cause individuals to take extreme risks to attain a descent lifestyle. Through the novella, Davis illustrates the distinct differences between upper and lower class lifestyles. Immigrant workers, Debora (lovingly called Deb) and Hugh, take the reader to a time when people were used as productionRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesaffecting the feasibility of segmentation Approaches to segmentation The bases for segmentation Geographic and geodemographic techniques Demographic segmentation Behavioural segmentation Psychographic and lifestyle segmentation Approaches to segmenting industrial markets Market targeting Deciding on the breadth of market coverage Product positioning Summary 9 The formulation of strategy – 1: analysing the product portfolio 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.5 9.6 9.7 10 Learning objectives Introduction The developmentRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesStanley  M. Howe Professor in Leadership, Henry B. Tippie College of Business, University of Iowa; Associate Professor (with tenure), Department of Human Resource Studies, School of Industrial and Labor Relations, Cornell University; Lecturer, Charles University, Czech Republic, and Comenius University, Slovakia; Instructor, Industrial/Organizational Psychology, Department of Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. Research: Dr. Judge’s primary research interests are in (1) personality, moods

The Picture Of Dorian Gray - 1393 Words

(HOOK) In Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray, the theme of transformation is constant throughout the novel. Through the protagonist’s transformation, Oscar Wilde s novel is suggesting that the hedonistic life style, a life style where gaining pleasure is the main goal, may seem like it is a fun and wonderful way to live, however a person will slowly be corrupted if they live in that way . One has to take life into one’s own hands and choose the people to be around and what one will do with one’s time to stay pure and good. Throughout Wilde s novel, the protagonist, Dorian Gray, is influenced by his companion, Lord Henry, to lead a hedonistic way of life, and he slowly becomes more and more immoral and impure. His transformation is negative and it is caused by the large amounts of time he spends around Lord Henry and his corruptive ideas and philosophies. This negative transformation is easily seen by the other characters in the novel; however Dorian Gray does not see it himself until it is presented in front of his face. His negative transformation could have been turned into a positive transformation many times throughout the novel; however he does not choose to take his life into his own hands. Furthermore, Dorian Gray s transformation wasn t the only transformation in the novel; Painter Basil Hallward and actress Sybil Vane transform in different ways, while still conveying Oscar Wilde s idea that in order to stay pure and keep one’s life in control one mustShow MoreRelatedThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1482 Words   |  6 Pagesreturn give to the same story† (Foster 185-186). One book that is a part of Foster’s story is Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray. In this essay, Thomas Foster’s methods regarding both symbolism and  ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬Ã‚ ¬heart disease from his book, How to Read Literature Like a Professor will be discussed and applied to one of Oscar Wilde’s novels. Throughout his novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde uses the portrait of the young protagonist as a symbol of many things, one of them being a mirror. WildeRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray Essay1460 Words   |  6 PagesAs seems to be the theme of Oscar Wilde’s book, The picture of Dorian Gray, art an beauty are both the same, yet they are different. But how can this be? Well, beauty and art are intertwined the moment art is used to capture a sliver of pure beauty, in order to make that moment last forever. According to Lord Henry, â€Å" Yes, Mr. Gray, the gods have been good to you. But what the goods give can easily be taken away. You only have a few years in which to live really, perfectly, and fully† (Wilde Pg.Read MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1432 Words   |  6 PagesIn The Picture of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde, we see how the different characters show their love of beauty and pleasure and the affects they have on the main character: Dorian Gray. Each of the three main characters, Basil Hallward, Lord Henry Wotton, and Dorian Gray portray a part of how the author felt about himself and the world around him. â€Å"Basil Hallward is what I think I am: Lord Henry what the world thinks of me: Dorian what I would like to be- in other ages, perhaps† (qtd. in Bloom pg. 117)Read MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1576 Words   |  7 PagesTransformation in Literature Greek Philosopher Heraclitus once said â€Å"There is nothing permanent except change†. In Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray, the theme of transformation is constant throughout the novel; however it is not portrayed as something that is permanent. Through the protagonist’s transformation, Oscar Wilde s novel is suggesting that the hedonistic lifestyle, a lifestyle where gaining pleasure is the main goal of a person’s life, may seem like it is an exciting and wonderfulRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray965 Words   |  4 Pages When looking at Frankenstein and The Picture of Dorian Gray, it is clear that Frankenstein is a novel that can be placed into both the gothic and horror genre, although it is a gothic novel secondary to it being a horror novel; The picture of Dorian Gray isn’t so clear in this regard. On a first reading, one may assume the story to be gothic literature and only gothic literature because of the sheer amount of gothic characteristics and elements that the text presents that include, but are not limitedRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray957 Words   |  4 PagesWilde explores the theme of outsiders in his 1890 novel, The Picture of Dorian Gray. He infuses what it means to be an outsider in almost every character in the story. The most important of these characters are Dorian Gray, Henry, and Basil. Each show what it means to be an outsider in his own individual way; whether it is an outsider among society, among a group of friends, or from a person’s own self. The main character, Dorian Gray, possesses most attributes of being an outsider. The most obviousRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray971 Words   |  4 PagesIn Oscar Wilde’s Popular nineteenth century novel, the Picture of Dorian Gray demonstrates the importance of the aesthetic movement in Victorian England. This suggests youth and physical attractiveness is emphasized and are valuable additions to society. Therefore, what matters to Dorian, is not the internal goodness an individual possesses but the appearance they present. Consequently, Dorian is able to forget the violent acts he commits as long as he appears beautiful on the outside. Since externalRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1680 Words   |  7 PagesAt the height of his success, Oscar Wilde wrote his novel The Picture of Dorian Gray, which follows the life of a young man living in late nineteenth-century London. The novel shares a similar storyline with that of Wilde’s life, as Wilde wrote it in attempt to justify his homosexuality. The protagonist of the novel, Dorian Gray, enters the story an innocent man, but eventually becomes corrupt due to his need for instant pleasure. Wilde recognizes that the topic of his homosexuality brings up theRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1211 Words   |  5 PagesIn The Picture of Dorian Gray, Oscar Wilde warns against immorality, vanity and selfishness using his protagonist’s downfall to show the dangers of overindulgence and depravity. The preface is contradictory and reveals that Wilde’s beliefs on art and its ties to morality were inconsistent. He appears to be trying to show that we shouldn’t subscribe to just one clear ideal without questioning it or considering other opinions. However, it’s clear throughout the book that there is a strong moral ideologyRead MoreThe Picture Of Dorian Gray1283 Words   |  6 PagesWhat does the fall of man, Oscar Wilde novel The Picture Of Dorian Gray, and Shakespeare’ s Macbeth all have in common? They all have the same theme of the fall of man and break in the perfect union they once where in. The novels all start with man in perfect union, then sin enters and chaos starts and it eventually leading to their death or downfall. The Fall of man, Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Wilde’s novel The Picture Of Dorian Gray tightly follow the archetype of the fall of man this is all illustrated

Sustainability & Social Considerations

Question: Describe and critically evaluate the initiatives undertaken by the case organisation to address environmental and/or social issues and the impact on supply chain operations. You are also required to provide recommendations for the organisation for a more effective sustainable supply chain. Answer: Introduction In the modern era, the advent of globalisation is considered to be one of the most of important concept for majority of the companies and for their development. It has also notified that with the advent of globalisation the competition within the business environment has been raised. Modern customers are now focusing towards receiving sustainable products as well as services from their preferred companies. In order to attract majority of the customers towards them, the companies are now paying utmost attention towards enhancing their operational process. In order to enhance their operational process majority of the companies are now paying attention towards the attaining sustainable growth (Verbeke, Vanhonacker, Sioen, Van Camp De Henauw, S., 2007). In order to attain sustainable growth in their operational process, most of the companies are now focusing towards conducting various CSR activities for enhancing their operational process. It has also noted that in the recent scenario majority of the companies has initiated to take proper initiatives towards focusing social consideration by reducing the pollution level (Giovannucci and Ponte, 2005). Majority of the environmental scientist are identified that the conduction of environmental pollution has been caused due to the lack of operational efficiencies within the organisation. Therefore, while managing sustainable working environment, the companies are focusing towards their supply chain management process. Simultaneously, in this particular study the main focus has been paid towards Starbucks, which is considered as one of the most famous coffee house around the world (Clift, 2007). The prime intention of the study is to highlights about the Supply Chain Management (SCM) process applied by Starbucks. Correspondingly, it also paid attention towards highlighting the sustainable initiatives adopted by Starbucks for attaining success. On the other hand, Starbucks is also paid utmost attention towards assessing the issues associated with the supply chain management process and its impact over the companys overall process. Description of the Sustainability Initiatives taken by Starbucks Starbucks is considered one of the famous global Coffee Companies that mainly deals in providing coffee delivery services. Likewise other global fast food retail chain based outlet, Starbucks has also expand its business outlets within various parts of the world. Starbucks is a coffee company not only serves its customers with high quality coffee but it also provides a great ambience for its customers (Dauvergne Lister, 2012). Moreover, in order to provide proper as well as adequate services to its customers the company has decided to bring large sets of changes in their operational process. In order to manage the quality of the products the company has decided to adopt new programme as well as practices it in its operational process. The adoption of Coffee and Farmer Equity (C.A.F.E.) practice programme is a primary approach of the company towards the sustainable development. The prime reason behind the adoption of this particular strategy is to enhance the product quality (Simpson , Power and Samson, 2007). Apart from this, the adoption of C.A.F.E. practice programme is also useful in managing economic development, environmental leadership as well as social development within the organisation. Apart from this, C.A.F.E. practice programme is also useful in maintaining economic transparency, social development through managing the quality of the product. This particular programmes are mainly includes the suppliers of the coffee and provide ranking system to them. This particular ranking system will enhances the quality of the products. Besides, it also enhances the activities of the company towards corporate social responsibility (CSR) for attaining sustainable development (Carter and Rogers, 2008). It has also notified that people belonging to that particular era are forcing majority of the companies, especially food production companies to paid utmost attention towards performing their social responsibility. This is quite beneficial for the Starbucks to add various advantages in their operational process. Apart from this, the company has adopted various other strategies related with sustainable approach and gain huge profitability in its business process. Apart from this, the recycling process along with waste reduction approach has also adopted by Starbucks during its working tenure. The waste reduction process is mainly recognised as an important strategy that could enable the company to attain huge success in their operational process (Reed and Wilkinson, 2005). Apart from this, recently the company is also paying attention towards converting the energy for reducing the carbon footprint. The outlets of the Starbucks are primarily responsible for creating carbon footprint up to 80%, which reduces the energy efficiencies in a systematic manner. With the implementation of energy efficiency practices majority of the company will be able to contribute in the sustainable development. Along with energy efficiency the water conservation is also played an important role behind developing the overall profit of the company (Seuring and Mller, 2008). It has also notified that Starbucks is not paying attention towards enhancing their operational strategies through unsustainable manner, but recently it has also paid heed upon sustainable development. Starbucks has also focuses towards enhancing their community based services for contributing towards the development within the society. In this regards, as a CSR activities the company has launched Planet Green Game, which is noted to be prime instant of the CSR related activities. With the help of Urban Coffee Opportunities the improvement in the employment condition has also been increased. It has also notified that through this particular process the discrimination that mainly observed will be performed efficiently (Blowfield, 2003). In the supply chain management process the sustainable approach has been involved by the Starbucks. Starbucks mainly performed their SCM process as per intentional basis for maintaining the overall quality of its coffee and other food products. Therefore, in this regard, the company has performed the fair trade system by introducing various programmes associated with community projects as well as farmer loan system. Apart from the advent of technical agronomic supports, organic as well as shades grown are also considered as one of the most important aspects (Perez-Aleman and Sandilands, 2008). Assessment of the issues and impact on the supply chain Issues in Starbucks Supply Chain Cost Delivering great coffee is quite hard, because it necessitates a strong supply chain. In order to maintain quality coffee with reasonable cost, Starbucks has to face pressure from rivals and the local government. Starbucks is popular for its premium quality, where other organisations such as Biggby and Kroger provides cheaper coffee or similar products with low cost. Starbucks can possibly lose customers owing to high prices of its products. Nevertheless, Starbucks provides quality coffee products which sophisticated in-store environment for extensive variety of customers (Krikorian, 2014). Sustainability Moreover, sustainability is another issue faced by Starbucks. The company uses considerable amount of water in order to clean the machineries such as coffee blenders and coffee makers and the raw met arils. Nevertheless, the organisation has made significant improvement in minimising water consumption in recent times. By applying high pressure to clean the coffee blender, rather than tap water, Starbucks can minimise the degree of water utilisation (McKinsey Company, 2016). Single Logistics System Starbucks have streamlined logistically across six continents. The raw materials are housed in regional distribution centres. There are five large distribution centres in the US among them two are possessed by the organisation itself, and other three are controlled by third party logistics organisation. With respect to foreign distribution, there are two large centres in Europe and two in Asia, which is run by Third Party Logistics Company. Starbucks require to constantly evaluate the effectiveness of the logistic system in order to maintain supply chain efficiency. There are four key aspects which required to be considered by Starbucks in order to maintain supply chain performance such as safe and secure operation, on time delivery of products, complete end-to-end supply chain expenses and enterprise saving (Starbucks Corporation, 2016). Green Supply Chain Starbucks attempts to balance supply chain demand with green and sustainable business practices, which comprise maintaining quality while purchasing sensibly grown and morally traded coffee. The organisational effort comprise responsible coffee purchasing, delivering farmer support services, farmer loan facilities and green conservation. The organisation also sets corporate social responsibility standards for the suppliers and cooperate with them in order to enhance the business practices. If issues appear with the suppliers, Starbucks stop doing business with them unless the issues are solved. In the year 2015, Starbucks has accomplished a landmark of 99% morally sourced coffee by its association with Conservation International, a US non-profit environmental institution. It is the outcome of Starbucks embed sustainable practices in sourcing structure (Starbucks Corporation. 2016). Globalisation One of the key issues facing by Starbucks is the minimisation of supply vain expenses. In order to satisfy the price expectations of customers, Starbucks require to relocate production to low cost nations. However, having international suppliers contributes significantly to the complexity which appears from lengthy delivery lead times. Most customers in various nations, not only prefer affordable prices, but also want the product on time (Geereddy, 2013). Customers Preferences The international supply chain is complex which is facilitated by content changing of customers preferences. Customers always put pressures on organisations to come up with new product or services. Innovation is vital for any organisation since it permits them to remain competitive in the industry, however it also bring challenge to the supply chain. In order to enhance the product performance, Starbucks need to redesign the supply network and satisfy the customers demand (University Alliance, 2016). Supplier Relationship Management It is equally vital for Starbucks to create, comprehend and follow commonly agreed principles to better understand existing performance and opportunities for development. At times, the differences in values, cultures and objectives create issues between the organisation and the suppliers which result in wastes of time and effort. In order to make the supply chain performance better, there is need to have trust between the business associates and to have better supplier and partners relationships (Berrios, 2014). Impact of the Issues on Supply Chain Economic Sensitivity Starbucks carved itself in the supreme quality segment in coffee industry which is characterised by high number sellers. The supply chain activity selected by Starbucks make the company to high priced premium products to the customers. Such market segment is favourable during economic growth and prosperity. However, Starbucks will face issues when economic face downturn or household income reduces.it will make customers to switch to low price alternatives. For example, Starbucks has faced a net loss during the economic recession of 2009. Its share performance fallen hand-in-hand with customer confidence during recessionary periods. During that time, many US consumers changed towards inexpensive substitutes, such as instant coffee and other inexpensive brand such as Dunkin. Other coffee making companies for example, Folgers and Nestle did well constantly during recessionary periods (Cooke, 2010). Coffee Price Coffee price volatility is another issue which can impact on the supply chain of Starbucks, even if the company hedge against price hikes. The movement of price and direction. Can influence on operational expenses of the organisation along with the profit margins. There are many aspects which lead to increase in coffee prices. For example, most of the coffee products for the company are sourced from South American and Asian nations. Instability in the national political environment in these nations can certainly impact on the coffee prices. Similarly, weak crop yield owing to weather can also increase the rate of coffee, depending on the level of damage (Benzaken, 2007). International Expansion Barriers International substitutes prevent Starbucks from obtaining strong market share. For instance, in Indian market Starbucks have associated with Tata group, with the anticipation of securing a stable supply chain in that market. Nevertheless, the middle income group consumers have not grown rapidly to accommodate the expenses of Starbucks products. There many customers who live on the money which is equivalent to one coffee product of Starbucks. On the other hand, the small tea vendors are more preferred by Indian masses who can effectively provide tea or coffee for only a portion of Starbucks product offering (Kasireddy et. al., 2012). Recommendations From the overall analysis, certain recommendations can be made with regard to the topic of the study which directly links with the manner in which the company can be able to conduct its business efficiently within the market. Starbucks as all known is one of the most widely recognised companies in the present day era. It can be termed as a market leader of the global coffee chain industry. However, there certain specific issues that has been identified in this particular study with regard to the operations of the company within the global marketplace. Correspondingly, it can be seen that the management of Starbucks has been dealing with key issues relevant to the environmental concerns along with the issues of logistics at large. In this context, certain key approaches can be identified with which the management of the company can be able to deal with the issues identified in social and environmental domain of the business along with reducing the issues of logistics associated with t he overall unit at large. Though Starbucks has been seeking to conduct its business operations mainly in a socially and environmentally responsible manner, still there are certain key issues that the management will need to overcome. In this regard, the management of the company will need to make sure that it is assuring maximum depth in the internal control of the business further ensuring that each of the business processes is not harming the overall environment and community in which conduct its business in. The company must also involve itself in new initiatives and campaigns regarding social responsibility and a step towards contributing positively to the external environment altogether. This can be done by the management of the company with regard to contributing to the community with regard to its pillars of social responsibility that further includes Community, Ethical Sourcing, and the Environment altogether. The company must need to ensure to ensure hygiene and nutritional value of the food or beverage that it is being offering to the customers in the market (Catka, 2004). This is also one of the primary means through which Starbucks could be able to attain its social and environmental goal to a considerable extent. This aspect will one way or the other will lead to the overall establishment of the CSR of the business. It can also be recommended that the company will need to improve its logistics operations as well as a part of its home delivery services in various markets of the world. This can be done by the management of the company through aligning business operations with some of the most notable logistics companies in various parts of the world. This will add to the service efficiency of the company (Dolcemascolo, 2006). It must also be depicted that the management of the company can be able to improve its overall supply chain management within the global marketplace since it relates with the service efficiency of the business in the long run. Hence, it is apparent that with these approaches, the management of the company can indeed be able to meet the demands of the customers in the most efficient manner altogether. Conclusion By reviewing the overall study, it could be identified that the Starbucks is one of the most famous coffee company around the world. The company is highly focusing towards enhancing its supply chain management process for gaining adequate prominences within the industry. In the global coffee market, the reports analysis over the respective industry the environmental pollution is considered to be a major issue for the company. In order to reduce the impact of global warming as well as carbon foot print the Starbucks has paid utmost attention towards its strategic development. In order to bring the strategic development the company is paying attention towards the sustainable development. The sustainable development has been able to reduce the impact of carbon footprint over the human supply chain management process of the company. Recently, the supply chain management of the company is intended to adopt the sustainable process for developing the sustainable approach within the organisa tion. The adaption of C.A.F.E. practice programme has also includes the suppliers of sustainable development and gain huge attention regarding the energy efficiency. Through the energy efficiency the company has also able to highlights the positive way that could enable them to reduce the environmental pollution. The carbon footprint reduction as well as water conservation is a part of the waste management and waste reduction process. In this regard, the waste management as well as waste reduction is also played an important part of recycling process. Therefore, it could also conclude that recycling process is important for achieving sustainable development efficiently. References Benzaken, T. S., 2007. Starbucks Responsible Sourcing: Social Guidelines From The Farm To The Coffeeshop. Berrios, D., 2014. Challenges in Supply Chain Management. University of Wisconsin System. Blowfield, M., 2003. Ethical supply chains in the cocoa, coffee and tea industries, Greener Management International, vol. 2003, no. 43, pp.14-24. Carter, C.R. and Rogers, D.S., 2008. A framework of sustainable supply chain management: moving toward new theory, International Journal of Physical Distribution Logistics Management, vol. 38, no. 5, pp.360-387. Catka, P. 2004. Implementing Effective Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Governance: A Framework. BSI British Standards Institution. Clift, R., 2007. Climate change and energy policy: the importance of sustainability arguments, Energy, vol. 32, no. 4, pp.262-268. Cooke, J. A., 2010. From bean to cup: How Starbucks transformed its supply chain. Dauvergne, P. Lister, J., 2012. Big brand sustainability: Governance prospects and environmental limits, Global Environmental Change, vol. 22, no. 1, pp.36-45. Dolcemascolo, D. 2006. Improving the Extended Value Stream: Lean for the Entire Supply Chain. CRC Press. Geereddy, N., 2013. Strategic Analysis Of Starbucks Corporation. Giovannucci, D. and Ponte, S., 2005. Standards as a new form of social contract? Sustainability initiatives in the coffee industry, Food Policy, vol. 30, no. 3, pp.284-301. Kasireddy, P., et. al., 2012. Starbucks Coffee Distribution Network. Krikorian, M., 2014. Business overview: Why Starbucks deserves your attention. Market Realist. McKinsey Company, 2016. The challenges ahead for supply chains: McKinsey Global Survey results. Perez-Aleman, P. and Sandilands, M., 2008. Building value at the top and the bottom of the global supply chain: MNC-NGO partnerships, California Management Review, vol. 51, no.1, pp.24-49. Reed, R.G. and Wilkinson, S.J., 2005. The increasing importance of sustainability for building ownership, Journal of Corporate Real Estate, vol. 7, no. 4, pp.339-350. Seuring, S. and Mller, M., 2008. From a literature review to a conceptual framework for sustainable supply chain management, Journal of Cleaner Production, Vol. 16, No. 15, pp.1699-1710.

Literature on Organizational Structure and Success - Free Samples

Question: Discuss about the Literature on Organizational Structure and Success. Answer: Introduction Organizational development is an important aspect of the organization that takes many factors into consideration. Many organizations require changes that account for the development of the organization. Many organizations are faced with expansion and growth challenges leading to underutilization and poor quality of services. Alfred Hospital ICU is an organization that faces many challenges that included strategic management, effective communication, training, and training. The organization, therefore, needs some changes especially on the management to factor in the changes and growth development. In addition, the organization needs to focus on mending its weaknesses and allowing growth characterized by proper utilization of resources. Therefore, there are some recommendations that need to be implemented to improve the organizational situation. Some of the key areas of improvement include the development of organizational strategy, organizational culture, and quality of services and s taff motivation among others. The following paper explores the organizational development with reference to Alfred Hospital ICU case. Alfred hospital had faces organizational development challenge that prompted the immediate development of strategies to solve the problem. The case has involved the hospital expansion that was due to many employees. Alfred Hospital ICU had 20 Intensivists, 39 doctors in training, over 400 nurses and some 20 support staff. These staffs provided a vast health care for many different health conditions that include national pediatric lung transplant program and State Services for heart lung temporary replacement and retrievals and many more specialized treatments. In addition, The Alfred is one of two centers providing State Services for adult trauma, HIV and bone marrow transplantation with a budget of more than $50M (Alfred Hospital Intensive Care Unit, 2014). These developments occurred rapidly without proper strategic plans leading to various challenges within the organization. The management of organizational change characterized with organizational mismanagement resulting into chaos between employees and the management of the organization. In addition, the organization focuses on offering care at the expense of organizational unity. In 2005, study shows that the hospital remained underutilized as compared to other smaller healthcare facilities at the time. The ICU unit of the organization failed to reach its obligation and this was also characterized by poor quality of the services offered by the hospital. In addition, most employees function as distinct without teamwork and uncoordinated with many work related challenges. These rendered the organization unsatisfactory and of poor leadership (Alfred Hospital Intensive Care Unit, 2014a). The organization lacks unifying culture that may foster unity and communication between employees. T hese challenges prompted the organization through trainees to develop various structures and strategies to reduce these problems. Problem and challenges confronting the organization There were some problems that affected the organization leading to underutilization of the facility and unrealized potentials. The organizational problems and challenges can be divided into employees issues, team problems, management or leadership and organizational development Firstly, the first problem was self-explanatory as the hospital expanded tremendously without a strategic plan. The organization is at the time lacked strategic components such as vision, mission, objectives and core value that could drive the organization forward. The primary challenge is that the organization faces were the inability to see the future through vision. This made the organization to lack focus and sense of direction. Moreover, lack of core value made the expansion and the larger number of staff present lack unity. The facility, therefore, was up-to no task with many trainee doctors remaining unutilized (Luthans Doh 2015). Lack of organizational culture is another problem that highly affected the organization. The organization lacked a well-documented culture that can bring the organization employees together connected to the management. The organization culture improves the business environment full of respect, relationship, and integrity and employee employment. Alfred Hospital ICU lack culture that unites the organization towards goals (Flamholtz Randle, 2014). The problem was that the organization had various staffs that were not united and exhibited low teamwork. Another key problem that was realized within the organization was lack of unity among practitioners with that made most of them remains distinct and unconnected from others. This is a serious issue with the facility that is highly specialized an performed highly regarded care and treatments. This is also caused by lack of the leadership skills that are required to unite those employees. This was a challenge that caused a prominent facility fail to reach its full potential. The consequent was poor quality and lack of stature both within the organization and outside the organization (Sullivan, 2010). Thirdly, poor work attitude that highly affected health practitioners under training within the hospital. The poor attitude that results from disunity lowers the quality of care offered to the customer within the organization. Moreover, the organization had limited management capabilities that can show leadership among the trainee doctors leading to low service offered. Specialized treatments such as heart lung transplantation require multidisciplinary teamwork and without unity among employees, there is the possibility of poor quality of treatment. This was the situation within the Alfred Hospital ICU, a specialized care facility with greater potential and human resource (Western, 2010). Strategic management problems Lack of quality management framework was another problem that the organization faces. As the organization expands and show high potential the organization lack the quality management framework that can regulate the standard of care offered to patients. This is also coupled with lack of risk management strategy that can assess the risk resulting from the expansion and development of the organization. Despite the regulation of healthcare within Australia, Alfred Hospital ICU shows no proper laid down the procedure for inspecting and managing the quality of services within the organization (Little, 2014). The organization has some many different strength that can make the organization to perform within the healthcare sector of Australia. Firstly, the organization has necessary resources that have high potential when properly utilized. Secondly, the organization has human resource capability that is good for the business and this is exhibited by the many nursing officers, trainee doctors, and support staffs. Strength of the organization is also based on technological capabilities (Skelsey, 2013). The organization also equality have weaknesses that have the potential of reducing the performance of the organization. Firstly, the organization lacks a proper strategic plan that copes up with the organizational improvement. The organization increases in size and resources without a good sense of direction and this is dangerous as it increases the chance of underutilization. Secondly, another weakness of the organization is based on the management as it shows no leadership that can organize employees (Mesly, 2017). The organization has numerous opportunities that can be harness for the betterment of the organization. Firstly, the organization has human resources that show high potential if properly utilized to provide health care services. Secondly, the organization has the opportunity to use the vast resources in the organization and this can help the organization to get more clients and profitable. Thirdly, the organization offer specialized care that is highly in demand and this can help the organization to expands or grow. The organization also has a new niche that is characterized by few industry players (Lim, 2017). The organization also has various threats that are both internally or externally. Firstly, lack of leadership and management is a threat as it makes the organization provides low quality of services characterized by underutilization of these resources. Secondly, the hospital has underutilized resources especially human resources that remain underutilized. Thirdly, disunity of an employee within the organization makes the quality of the services provided low and challenge (Mesly, 2017). Recommendations for improvement within Alfred Hospital ICU In light of the challenges and problems that the organization there are many different recommendations that the organization needs to implement within the organization. Tied with these recommendations are the justifications that give the reasons for implementation of these recommendations. These recommendations can be grouped into various categories and discussed at length. The organization needs to develop a good strategic plan that has various components such as vision, mission, values, strategy, and objectives. Firstly, the business needs to develop a vision of the business that gives the direction and the expected growth strategy. The vision for the organization gives the ultimate goal where the organization needs to reach. Vision carry the aspiration and goals of the ICU the organization intends to do within the healthcare system. Secondly, the organization needs to come up with core values that can reduce the disunity as this will improve the organizational culture. The values lead the organization into the unity since it determines the organization behavior. Thirdly, the mission statement is also important as it gives the business what it's up to in the business. The hospital mission will help the organization to explain the main activities. Fourthly, the organization needs to develop the business strategy that when combined with vision look into the future. In addition, the organization has to develop objectives or goals that the management craves to achieve in business (Aubrey, 2015). Organizational structure is another area that needs to be developed within the organization. The organization lacked the proper organizational structure that factor in various management issues and employees. A good organizational structure considers various internal and external business factors. For instance, the organizational structure has the potential of improving interpersonal communication and coordination. The organization implementing organizational structure will also help in involving employees and trainees in management. Another example of the organizational structure that can be used in organization is functional structure or matrix structure that involves more than on culture. Organizational structure that also includes employee and trainees within the management will help increase profitability of the organization (Dean, 2009). Organizational behavior Effective communication is another area that the organization needs to focus on. Organizational need to develop communication framework that factor in the unity of the employee especially during multidisciplinary is important for the organization development. The teamwork required a good communication strategy that coordinates activities with the health care. In addition, good communication is coupled with quality leadership that can unite all business employees within the organization. Effective communication enables the business to build its reputation through external communication. Effective communication based on the organizational structure assist employees to connect with external stakeholders (Hartnell, Ou Kinicki, 2011). Alfred Hospital ICU needs to develop an organizational culture that is characterized by organizational development. The organizational culture enables the organization to leave in harmony. In addition, the organizational culture determines the behavior of the employees and their relationship with each other. The organization culture makes employees feel connected and geared toward the organizational goals and objectives. As the organization focus on organization culture, development will be based on the culture of the organization. Some aspect of the organizational culture includes organizational communication and core values. These aspects of organization enable the employees to view each other as colleagues with a similar goal in the organization. This is essential in unity among employees especially during teamwork or multidisciplinary care service (Flamholtz Randle, 2011). Organizational development The organization needs to develop a good management framework that shows leadership. The organization needs to come up with the management framework that has leadership as this will solve the disunity issues of the organization. Moreover, the organization should come up with management structure such as a functional structure that gives various department management required. The organization also needs to implement management structure that brings harmony to the organization without causing disunity among health employees. In addition, the organization management framework that focuses on organizational development and expansion (Bennett Wayne, 2013). Development of employee motivation needs to be implemented in Alfred Hospital ICU to improve employee engagement. Rewards are some of the motivation that can drive employees to work together and with morale. As evidence from the case study, the organization lacks proper motivational strategy that can encourage employees to work with the morale. Motivated employees work better and offer quality services and this requires proper management strategies that work towards improvement. Therefore, the organization needs to come up this management strategy with the view to increase the organizational development (Zhang, 2009). Training of employees is another important area that also helps the organization reach business obligations. Firstly, the organizational training is needed within the organization to foster unity and teamwork approach. Organizational training is important for instilling the organizational culture that makes the organization remains united and focus. Secondly, the organization training that focuses on reforming the business aspect of the organization in order increase profitability. In addition, the organization changes need to be known to the employees within the organization. For instance, training assists employees with organizational core values that help them reach goals working together. Training also helps employees to work together with understanding and build a relationship with each other (Lim, 2017). Quality management framework needs to be developed in the organization that will ensure that the quality of service is higher. The organization needs to come up with quality management that works to improve the quality of the healthcare services. In addition, the organization should work to reduce all the factors that may result in risk within the organization. Quality management strategies offer the best practice that can help restore the reputation of the organization. Quality management is critical for organizational positioning that increases the brand reputation in the healthcare industry of Australia (Jex Britt, 2008). Despites the challenges and the problems that the organization faced, the Alfred Hospital ICU through various collaboration with Intensivists saw the problems and devised a plan that would work toward a better hospital management and this also resulted into development of strategies and structure of management. At the end the organization, is currently one of the best organization in management of organizational development and change. In addition, the organization received an award for being the best organization offering specialized care in 2014. Currently, Alfred Hospital ICU is one of the recognized organization with quality health care services throughout Australia (Alfred Hospital ICU, 2014). Conclusion In conclusion, organizational development is an important aspect of an organization that focuses on expansion and strategic management. As an organization, Alfred Hospital ICU faces many different organizational challenges that required improvement and development of strategic management. Some of the problems that the organization faces include lack of organizational communications, strategic planning, and management, lack of organizational culture, lack of quality management framework, lack of motivation framework and poor work attitude. The organization has its own strength and weaknesses that have an impact on the organization management. The organization needs to come up with the strategic plan, motivation framework, develop organization culture, quality improvement strategies and organizational training. The organization has a high potential for improvement in terms of business organization and quality of services. References Aubrey, B. (2015). The Measure of Man: Leading Human Development. McGraw Hill Education. Alfred Hospital Intensive Care Unit, (2014). The Alfred ICU won the Wayne Cascio award for organizational change and development. Retrieved from: https://www.alfredicu.org.au/assets/Miscellaneous-Downloads/Wayne-Cascio-Award-for-Organisational-Change-Development.pdf Alfred Hospital Intensive Care Unit (2014a). Organizational development and change. Retrieved from: https://alfredicu.org.au/ Bennett, J. L. Wayne B.M. (2013). Coaching for Change. Routledge. p.172. Dean, C. (2009). RIMER Managing Successful Change. Australia: Uniforte Pty Ltd. Retrieved from: https://www.uniforte.com.au/ Flamholtz, E.G. 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