What Role Does Character, Leadership And Service Play In Your Personal Development?

Chase rushed home from school, eager to speak with his grandmother. â€Å"Granny, my teacher said she wants me to be successful. What does that mean? † â€Å"Chase,† granny started, â€Å"I cannot tell you what success is. † â€Å"But why not,† Chase replied sadly as he slumped into a chair. â€Å"Success is something you have to find on your own, but I can tell you how to get it. † A huge smile broke across Chase's face as he sat up attentively; ready to listen to what his granny had to say. â€Å"There are many steps to becoming successful, but building character, leading and providing services are the most important†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Character is defined by the qualities an individual has. Character qualities are basically habits that form in childhood, and continue to shape a person throughout life. A person’s character is what makes their overall personality. In order to become successful, it is important to have positive character traits. I t is easier for a person with a positive outlook on life to claim success. This is because the optimist can find happiness in the smallest of things. A leader is a person who can take charge and direct. Being a leader creates work ethic and establishes independence, two things you must have in order to become successful.Leaders must govern a group to make sure a task is being completed, but the job of a leader is not easy. Leaders show independence by setting things in place on their own. Then they let the rest of the group know what to do. If the leader does not do their job, the group will not succeed. Service is helping or doing work for someone else. This is more commonly known as volunteering. It takes a person with a certain type of character to want to give to a cause or community. Giving back presents many opportunities for personal growth. Depending on the type of service you provide, you could gain leadership and teamwork skills.You might also gain a positive moral and emo tional outlook on life. These improvements within yourself bring you that much closer to success. Chase sat back in his seat, soaking in everything his grandmother had said. â€Å"So, good character is what makes me a good person, good people can become good leaders and giving service is being good to other people. † His grandmother smiled, â€Å"That is exactly what I mean. † â€Å"It’s like building blocks! † Chase exclaimed. â€Å"You put all three together to make something. † â€Å"Yes, that’s right. † Granny replied. â€Å"Putting all three side-by-side makes a path that, if followed correctly, will lead you to success. † What role does character, leadership and service play in your personal development? Chase rushed home from school, eager to speak with his grandmother. â€Å"Granny, my teacher said she wants me to be successful. What does that mean? † â€Å"Chase,† granny started, â€Å"I cannot tell you what success is. † â€Å"But why not,† Chase replied sadly as he slumped into a chair. â€Å"Success is something you have to find on your own, but I can tell you how to get it. † A huge smile broke across Chase's face as he sat up attentively; ready to listen to what his granny had to say. â€Å"There are many steps to becoming successful, but building character, leading and providing services are the most important†¦Ã¢â‚¬ Character is defined by the qualities an individual has. Character qualities are basically habits that form in childhood, and continue to shape a person throughout life. A person’s character is what makes their overall personality. In order to become successful, it is important to have positive character traits. I t is easier for a person with a positive outlook on life to claim success. This is because the optimist can find happiness in the smallest of things. A leader is a person who can take charge and direct. Being a leader creates work ethic and establishes independence, two things you must have in order to become successfulLeaders must govern a group to make sure a task is being completed, but the job of a leader is not easy. Leaders show independence by setting things in place on their own. Then they let the rest of the group know what to do. If the leader does not do their job, the group will not succeed. Service is helping or doing work for someone else. This is more commonly known as volunteering. It takes a person with a certain type of character to want to give to a cause or community. Giving back presents many opportunities for personal growth. Depending on the type of service you provide, you could gain leadership and teamwork skills.You might also gain a positive moral and emot ional outlook on life. These improvements within yourself bring you that much closer to success. Chase sat back in his seat, soaking in everything his grandmother had said. â€Å"So, good character is what makes me a good person, good people can become good leaders and giving service is being good to other people. † His grandmother smiled, â€Å"That is exactly what I mean. † â€Å"It’s like building blocks! † Chase exclaimed. â€Å"You put all three together to make something. † â€Å"Yes, that’s right. † Granny replied. â€Å"Putting all three side-by-side makes a path that, if followed correctly, will lead you to success. †

Economic factors Essay

Critical thinking is an individual’s form of judgment that has a particular purpose and reflective judgment. When individuals use critical thinking they reach a decision or solves an issue of judging what to believe or what to do, but reaches this conclusion in a thoughtful way. Critical thinking is a tool that individuals can use to evaluate incoming information. On the other hand, ethics is a branch of philosophy that encompasses right conduct and good life. Ethics has broader in the analyzing right and wrong than the standard conception. Ethics is a set of choices that individuals make on how to live their lives. ARE THE PRINCIPLES AND RULES OF CRITICAL THINKING APPLICABLE TO ETHICAL REASONING? WHY? The rules and principles of critical thinking are applicable to ethical reasoning because they both follow similar guidelines. In ethical reasoning along with critical thinking the individuals will study the details of the case, identify the appropriate criteria, determine possible courses of action, and decide which action is most ethical (Ruggiero, 2012). An example from this week would include the case of the shrinking maneuver. For step one in this case, it has been shown that the statement leaves no unanswered questions. The relevant criteria found in the case shows that laws are violated with the individuals knowingly claiming residence without meeting the requirements. A possible course of action for this case they could have physically moved to Florida or to another state with no-tax or low-tax instead of pretending they moved there. Finally, the most ethical action in the case shows that the Skirkings’ actions were unethical (Ruggiero, 2012). IF EVERYONE FOLLOWED THE RULES AND GUIDELINES OF LOGIC, WOULD THERE BE A NEED FOR ETHICAL DECISION MAKING? WHY? If everyone followed the rules and guidelines of logic there would still be a need for ethical decision making. The reason is that even though the conclusion may seem logical every individual has different ethics. For instance, if an individual needs a job and needs to obtain money quickly, logically it would make sense to do what would make the most money the quickest. Let us say the logical job would be stripping because the individual makes a large amount of money in a little amount of time. Another individual may say that even though this is the logical was to obtain money quickly, ethically it is wrong. REFERENCE: Ruggiero, V (2012). Thinking Critically about ethical issues (9th ed.). : Mc-Graw Hill.

The Philosophy of St. Augustine Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Philosophy of St. Augustine - Essay Example As such, St. Augustine himself brought the ‘City of God’ to proposition, synthesizing conception of justice and state under Plato’s theory or that it occurs rather disposed to resemble it. Since ‘justice’ is an entity on which the ‘state’ must be founded, its presence is essential in determining how a good kingdom is like or should be. For St. Augustine, the applicability of justice in this sense may be extended to the measure of happiness for the ruler within a state or kingdom. He concretizes moreover: â€Å"For neither do we say that certain Christian emperors were therefore happy because they ruled a long time, or dying a peaceful death ... or subdued the enemies of the republic ... But we say that they are happy if they rule justly.† On a biblical context, St. Augustine claimed that rulers can satisfy being just if they are capable of delaying punishment yet are ready to pardon and if they necessitate having to employ such pun ishing act upon the government in favor of defending the republic. In ‘The Republic’, this well coincides with Plato’s argument explicating that the elements namely – reason, appetite, and spirit must consist in justice just as they must in state (Ebenstein & Ebenstein, 1990). According to St. Augustine, two cities emerge out of love of self or the earthly love and love of God or the heavenly love. While the love of self is sought based on the approval of men, regardless of God’s judgment, the love of God exists in an individual who primarily seeks God’s glory despite harsh criticisms by other men. As a consequence, the earthly city is composed of nobilities and subjects that are governed by the exercise of authority where pleasing the state seems to form the sole basis and cause either of anxiety or of contentment among people. In the heavenly city, however, it is the Lord’s command that matters most for the people who fear or delight in following his will. The truth behind divine forces or the ways by which God communicates to men in the city of God may, to a certain extent, raise doubts requiring support via evidences that are less abstract than intangible conviction, Nevertheless, St. Augustine’s proposition quite matches the remarkable portion of world history when kingdoms indeed found triumph over all others because they, rulers and subjects alike, had hopes that rested highly on God’s power to vanquish the enemies. When St. Augustine further elaborates that the absence of human wisdom enables godliness and genuine worship of God in the heavenly city, such idea may be perceived to bear consistent thought and agreement with the conception of justice in state. A godly nation with a just king or emperor discerns justice that places no distinction between the rich and the poor or the strong and the weak, only between right and wrong by sensible law, for by the fundamental meaning of the term, it is intended to be carried out at times unjust situations transpire. With the city of God, this condition especially holds for the Lord is considered the supreme being so that all else under him are made equal with each other in view of justice and its righteous function as God himself exhibits no partiality in rendering proper justice on anyone through Christian faith. Much as St. Augustine distinguished between the two cities with opposing characteristics he more so argued about the two types of man

Riblets and Tripwires and their role in reducing drag over underwater Essay

Riblets and Tripwires and their role in reducing drag over underwater aerofoils - Essay Example Their optimal specifications, mechanism of functioning and potential applications for drag reduction over underwater aerofoils have also been dealt with. Riblets and tripwires In case of underwater vehicles, fluid mechanical drag (hydrodynamic drag) reduces the speed with which they travel through water. For a specific limit of engine power, the maximum speed that can be attained by the vehicle is drastically reduced due to the formation of eddies very close to the surface of the vehicle. Apart from this, another source of hydrodynamic drag is the development of pressure drag due to laminar flow at the boundary layers. Riblets can be used to reduce the formation of eddies near the surface of the vehicle, while tripwires can be used to reduce the pressure drag and induce turbulence at the boundary layers. Riblets: These are minute grooves, longitudinally placed on the surface of a vehicle or airfoil, and are in alignment with the direction of flow. They â€Å"have been shown by Walsh and Lindemann [1984] at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and Reidy and Anderson [1988] at the Naval Ocean Systems Center (NOSC) to produce as much as 8 percent turbulent flow drag reduction on flat plates†.1 Studies on â€Å"fully submerged axisymmetric bodies†1 conducted by Beauchamp and Philips [1986 and 1987], have shown that the use of riblets reduces skin friction by seven percent.1 Tripwires: Tripwires, also known as turbulators, are thin wires that are attached at the hull of a vehicle or at the nose of a submarine or aircraft. These are used to â€Å"trip† or disturb the boundary layer and introduce turbulence, thereby reducing pressure drag. These are â€Å"one of the oldest and most used methods of turbulence stimulation†.2 1. Mechanism To comprehend the mechanism of functioning of riblets and tripwires, it is essential to understand the types of drag imposed on a vehicle and the process of their induction. The total drag experienced by a body, includes a combination of pressure and friction. The frictional drag can be reduced by using smooth surfaces. However, studies have shown that this form of drag is further reduced with the help of riblets. The boundary layer of flow around a vehicle can be distinguished into three parts, â€Å"a relatively small viscous sublayer, the middle buffer layer and the logarithmic layer†.3 The riblets that are used to reduce drag â€Å"extend into the buffer layer. With this kind of riblets a drag reduction of about 8-10%† has been achieved. This is because the riblets restrain the movement of eddies, which are prevented from coming very close, within 50 microns, to the surface of the aircraft or vehicle. â€Å"By keeping the eddies this tiny distance away, the riblets prevent the eddies from transporting high-speed fluid close to the surface, where it decelerates and saps the aircraft's momentum†.4 To reduce the pressure drag over a vehicle, tri pwires are used. Pressure drag occurs when there is a â€Å"lack of pressure recovery on the back of the body, due to separation of the flow around the body†.5 This results from laminar flow in the boundary layer around the vehicle. By using tripwires, it is possible to induce turbulence in this laminar layer, thereby reducing pressure drag. 2. Optimal Specifications The extent of drag reduction is found to increase with the size of riblets. However, for very

Violence and civil rights struggle Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Violence and civil rights struggle - Essay Example Martin Luther King and Malcom X arose to fight for the position of the blacks in the America community, and today they are acknowledged for the moves. What are the different takes on violence and civil rights struggles? Blacks suffered discrimination in America on housing and employment as well as abuse and lynching from whites and never exercised the right to vote. This was regardless of the fact that slavery in the United States ended in the late 19th century, as the struggle of the black population against the ill treatment brought about the early activists such as Martin Luther King and Malcolm X. However, although the two individuals among others shared the same thought of ending violence on African American, there takes on violence and civil rights struggle were different. Martin Luther, for example, advocated for peaceful demonstrations for he was against violence of any kind in the society. He believed that peaceful demonstrations would lead to opening up of a room for negoti ation between martin whites and the African Americans. On the issue of the civil rights, martin Luther advocated for human rights where everyone in the nation had equal treatment regardless of race. In the times of Luther King, despite the fact that slave trade and forced labour were no long dead, discrimination and racism was very popular. Malcom X, on the other hand, was revolutionary and radical. He preached independence through the necessary means possible and hence advocated for violence. He is very much unlike Martin Luther King who preached non-violence and obedience philosophy; a similar approach to Gandhi’s during the struggle in India. A combination of the two activists approaches although quite contrasting brought a strong support on the black American movements in relation to violence and discrimination. They brought some life In the face of the struggle and hence why they are prominent and make a huge part of the African America. Malcom X was brought to the limel ight as he was the leader of the demonstrating Muslims, the papers and the radio speaking of the events that had happened at the Lenox Avenue. He can be described as a non-violent man but on the other hand a strong willing man, ready to rally crowds through violence if need be, to protect the rights of other individuals. At the time of these happenings, the whites are said to have not been bothered by the revolution of the blacks unless it threatened the status quo. Movements for civil rights are the political movements that were uprising at the times of people like martin Luther King Jr. and Malcom X that took the form of civil resistance. The main aim was to bring about nonviolent aims of resistance but they were accompanied by civil unrest and armed rebellion. What are the consequences of violence becoming part of civil right struggles? Maclom X was one of the renowned Muslim leaders and a Lenox avenue fraces brought him to light after being reported in The Amsterdam News to have told the police officials, â€Å"we do not look for trouble, in fact we are taught to steer clear of trouble. We do not carry knives or guns, but we are also taught than when one finds something that is worthwhile getting into trouble about, he should be ready to die, then and there for that particular thing.† This ensued after the police were holding back a man who had witnessed an incident at the Lenox Avenue and told the Moslems that one of their brother had been beaten by a police man. At the police station, a crowd of Muslims swelled led by Malcolm X

List the four polymers from which hydrogels can be made, and, for each Assignment

List the four polymers from which hydrogels can be made, and, for each one, list the advantages and disadvantages of each.at least one different possible application for each hydrogel - Assignment Example It has emulsifying and adhesive properties making it suitable for glue manufacturing. Its ability to form films makes it useful in making contact lenses and envelope seals (Gnanou & Fontanille 24). The surfactants in detergents, found in Sodium Polyacrylate are efficient in binding hard water elements such as, calcium and magnesium making them a choice Sequestering agent in detergents. Sodium polyacrylate is also used in making diapers and some brands of sanitary towels owing to their super absorbent ability (Gnanou & Fontanille 34). They have a thermoplastic ability that makes it possible for them to be processed as a melt at high temperatures. They have elastomeric ability. This enables it to regain its original shape even after stretching (Gnanou & Fontanille

Discuss problems arising from IAS 17 Leases Essay

Discuss problems arising from IAS 17 Leases - Essay Example In a globalized economy leasing activities are increasing in magnitude as businesses strive to improve competitiveness through cost reduction and improved quality of products and services (IFRS Foundation, 2013a). Therefore, changes in accounting standards for leasing will influence the overall preparation of financial statements. Leasing is of great significance to the business entities. â€Å"It is a means of gaining access to assets, obtaining finance, and of reducing an entity’s exposure to the risk of asset ownership† (IFRS Foundation, 2013a, p.5). Initially, the prevailing accounting model for leases required the lessors and lessees to recognize and categorize leases either as finance leases or operating lease. Also, it required them to maintain a separate account for leases. The financing lease used to finance equipment for the most of its useful life and lessee would take the ownership of the equipment after the lease period. On the other hand, operating lease financed equipment for a period less that its useful life and lessee returned the leased equipment to the lessor without any obligation of transfer of ownership. However, the model failed to fulfill the needs of users because it did not recognize assets and liabilities relating to operating leases. This led to the adoption of IAS 1 17 Leases (IFRS Foundation, 2013a). The application of IAS 17, Leases requires the lessee to establish items and maintain track of all right-to-use assets. It requires comprehensive sub-ledgers and creates the need for the establishment of discrete â€Å"property, plant and equipment sub-ledgers for the right-to-use assets† (IFRS Foundation, 2013a, p. 5). In addition, the lessee has to establish a scheme to ascertain each lease as a component of right-to-use asset category. However, the International Accounting Standards 17 (IAS 17),

MEDIA MARKET Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

MEDIA MARKET - Essay Example Which particular group of viewers? Earlier, you mention doing an analysis by age - but this chart does not offer an analysis by age - it is an analysis by weekly reach. I have named the table and changed †this very particular group of viewers in different groups of viewers Your conclusion that ‘the % of people watching BBC1 is relatively low and is about 12%’ must be a misinterpretation of the data. I went in to Mediatel to check, and I attach a report from Mediatel which shows that in 2014, BBC1 actually had the highest share of all the major terrestrial channels with 21.7%. Indeed, I believe if you were to break down the total non-terrestrial share of 46.9% (which adds together all the satellite and cable channels), you would find BBC1 still to be the leader. It may be that you mean that BBC1 only reaches 12% of the 16-24 target group, which sounds right to me, but you don’t say so. By the way, you should illustrate the performance of these demographic groups as a chart or graph. There must be some misunderstanding because I checked once again the share of BBC1 annually. The data is copied from the spreadshit and I checked once again to find out that 21,7 is the share of the channel for all ages. The two statements "Moreover, it is considered that the average age of the BBC1 viewer is 59 years†Ã‚  and "Considering the fact that the average age of BBC1 viewers is between 56 and 59†Ã‚  cannot logically (or indeed mathematically) both be true. I corrected the first statement –the average age is 57,5 so these statements do not contradict each other. I  think  you slightly misunderstand the data  about  seasonal viewership. The simple fact is that in the UK in the summer, the days are longer and the nights shorter. This means in general people watch TV less in the evening and in primetime in particular. There are also the summer holidays to take into account. You are right to say that young

Business strategy in Chinese restaurant Assignment

Business strategy in Chinese restaurant - Assignment Example Several other outlets of Hai Di Lao Hot Pot were also started and the business operations were carried through this chain of restaurants. The restaurant reached a stable growth rate over time and this enabled it to open multiple outlets and marketing stores in Nanjing, Tianjin, Shanghai, Beijing and other locations of China. The company employs about 15,500 employees (Hai Di Lao hot pot, 2014). Political: The business operation of the restaurant, Hai Di Lao Hot Pot is subject to some political constraints. In emerging nations like China, the government often impose several extensive policies for maintaining a stable and competitive market. Sometimes due to political wars and corruption in bureaucracies, the expansion plans of the company get hampered. The restaurant also has to abide by foreign tax policies in order to expand its business globally (Griffiths and Tenenbaum, 2004). Economical: The distribution centre, warehouse and factories of the restaurant mainly operate in the Chinese market and thus, it does not have to worry about risks associated with the exchange rate. Economic productivity of China, as measured by the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), is quite stable which implies that there is an increase in the per capita income level of the population. Consumers have high demand and increased purchasing power which enables them to avail speciality dining in restaurants like Hai Di Lao Hot Pot. Social: Globalization has helped businesses to conduct integrated operations that would help improve standard of living. Hai Di Lao Hot pot offers its customers with traditional dinning habit with a blend of modern styles. The restaurant values the social and cultural aspects that are associated with Chinese food. This ensures that the restaurant maintains a stable growth (Chow, Lau, Lo, Sha and Yun, 2007). Technological: Food making techniques are essentially subject to innovations. Several innovations in cooking techniques are practised by the

Ponzi and Pyramid Schemes Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ponzi and Pyramid Schemes - Research Paper Example Though, some forms of these schemes can claim to sell a product, but that product is actually a camouflage to hide their Pyramid arrangement (Roberts et al., 2007; ScamWatch, 2012; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). Basically, there are two tell-tale symbols that a business item or product is only being employed to cover a Pyramid scheme i.e. Stock loading and lack of corporate sales. In case of stock loading a business support program persuades workers to purchase more products than they could ever trade, frequently at inflated costs. In this scenario, the top management of an organization and Pyramid launcher generates considerable profits, even without bringing that product into the marketplace (Roberts et al., 2007; ScamWatch, 2012; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). In addition, the people behind the scenes generate a lot of money for inventory that just accumulates in their basements. In this scenario, lack of retail sales is as well a red flag that ensures the life of a Pyramid. A lot o f Pyramid schemes claim that their product is selling like hot cakes. However, the fact is that the sales happen simply among people within the Pyramid system or to new recruits joining the Pyramid scheme and not to the general public (Roberts et al., 2007; ScamWatch, 2012; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). A Ponzi scheme is closely related to a Pyramid for the reason that it rotates around endless recruiting. However, in a Ponzi scheme the promoter normally has no product to put up for sale and pays no charges to investors who employ new "associates†. Additionally, the advertiser generates income by attracting a stream of people, assuring them a very high rate of return on immediate deals. Normally, in Ponzi scheme, there is no actual investment chance, and the promoter immediately makes use of the cash from new recruits to disburse obligations payable for a longer-standing to the associates of the plan. In simple word, there is an appearance that satisfactorily reviews this plan : It is known as "stealing from Peter to pay Paul." A number of law enforcement officials describe a Ponzi system as a "Peter-Paul" scam (Roberts et al., 2007; Valentine, 1998; Roos, 2012). Moreover, Ponzi schemes are trapping a lot of investors who have large sums to spend and who are allegedly knowledgeable and money-wise sophisticated (Rowe, 2000). Applicable law regulating the shame The business and methodology behind a Ponzi scheme, definitely has a triangular arrangement. The traitor is at the top most position. He is the chief of repeatedly growing stairs of investors. Though, there is dissimilarity between how both traditional Pyramid and Ponzi systems are executed. The vital difference between a Pyramid and Ponzi system is that a Ponzi plotter will simply ask its victim to invest in a deal. They will not ask them to perform any other activity or job except to invest money. They will ask their victims to wait until their investment is refunded. The Ponzi schemer is the brain behind the entire scheme and is simply shuffling money from one place to another. Moreover, a Pyramid scheme launcher offers an opportunity to its victim to generate money himself. Hence, it requires additional work, for instance, they can ask him to buy a franchise or license and start employing more people like himself. The staff will frequently disburse the recruiter a part of his income. All the same, Pyramid schemes are illegal. Moreover, a number of legal businesses, such as Mary Kay and The Pampered Chef, have been

Development of a Web-Based Student Information System for Secondary Schools in Nigeria Essay Example for Free

Development of a Web-Based Student Information System for Secondary Schools in Nigeria Essay School Management System In most Nigeria secondary schools, the storage, access and management of information is very poor. Information regarding students, their respective classes, and subjects taught in these classes, performance assessment records, grade entry and other forms of data manipulation are generally carried out manually using pen and booklets, in rare cases Microsoft Excel. Access to information can be cumbersome, irritating and frustrating due to poor storage and inaccessibility. Parents, officials and staff of these schools find it very difficult to get certain information that could enhance their decision-making and completion of an assigned task. I was asked by my instructor to analyze, design, develop and implement a practical solution that will alleviate these problems in a typical secondary school. The purpose of this report is to: 1) Provide details on the functional requirements and design specification of a typical solution. 2) Demonstrate that the requirement that will be stated in (1) above have been satisfied by implementing the solution. ) Provide details of the development process and critically appraise the solution. The objective of this project is to design, develop and implement a computerized system that will enhance access, storage, processing and management of information regarding E-Student Management System student, their studies, teachers and subjects including student performance assessment records. I have designed, developed and implemented a web-based system using technologies in Microsoft . Net framework 4. 0 and Microsoft SQL Server 2008 software. A brief detail description of theories and techniques of the design and development of this solution is appraised in this report. Furthermore, an attached appendix explains the models, workflow and the architecture of the application. Users will be able to have access from any computer that has a browser and is connected to the internet. With a graphical user interface, this system is simple, user friendly and intuitive to use. It is not uncommon to find that many learning institutions in Nigeria, including secondary schools, still keep records in files and tucked them away in filling cabinets where they accumulate dust. Many of these files are often eaten up by rodents and cockroaches thus rendering them irretrievable. A great deal of routine administrative work in schools is still done manually with the state and the Federal government, including the administrators of this institutions showing little or no interest in embracing ICT. The administrative drudgery in secondary school institutions an be better managed through ICT. Secondary education administrative functions include a wide variety of activities such as educational governance, supervision, support services, infrastructure, 5 E-School Management System finance, budgeting, accounting, personnel selection and training system monitoring and evaluation, facilities procurement and management, equipment maintenance, and so on (Thomas, 1987). In most N igerian schools, officials and staff still go through the laborious exercise of manually registering students, maintaining records of students? erformance, keeping inventory list of supplies, doing cost accounting, paying bills and printing reports. The huge man-hour spent on these exercises can be drastically reduced with IT technologies to enhance overall management procedure. Thomas (1987), said that â€Å"Computers bring great speed and accuracy to each of these tasks, along with the convenience of storing large quantities of information on „small disks or tapes? (P. 5). For the purpose of this project, problems related to the management of information regarding student and their academic work, including teachers and subjects is the matter of concern.

Indian Banking Industry Competitiveness and Market Structure

Indian Banking Industry Competitiveness and Market Structure Introduction After 1991 crisis, Indias liberalisation journey was multi-faceted. One of the major areas of liberalization was the banking sector which was highly regulated and controlled by government. Most importantly for banking industry, as per the M. Narasimhan committee recommendations, the liberalization came in the right areas namely interest rate, reduction of reserve requirements, entry deregulation, credit policies and prudential supervision. Incase of interest rates, they could now be determined by the banks based on their cost of funds rather then government fixing them for banks. The administered regime for interest rate came to an end except for interest rate on savings account. The reduction of reserve requirement for banks made huge capital available for banks which could be deployed in the business. The entry of new players was de-regulated. The government empowered the Reserve Bank of India to issue licenses to the new players, if they met the set criteria jointly set by RBI and Finance Ministry. The credit rationing was completely done away with. Although there is still credit rationing for priority sector, the banks are free to deploy their capital on the sectors which they feel profitable. Excessive supervision regime came to an end. The Reserve Bank of India made several changes in prudential supervision and gave autonomy to banks in their day-to-day operation. The total asset size of Indian Banking industry is over US$ 270 billion. The total deposit amount is US$ 200 billion. Its branch network is one of the largest in the world with more than 66,000 branches and over 17,000 ATM spread across the country. The bank assets are expected to grow at 13.4% CAGR and it is predicted that India could become the 3rd largest banking hub in the world by 2040. Currently India has 80 Scheduled commercial banks out of which 28 are public sector banks, 24 private banks and 28 foreign banks (Annual Report, RBI). As Indian economy is growing at an average rate of over 7% since a decade, more and more foreign banks are thinking to foray into the Indian market. As per McKinseys report on Indian Banking (2010), total loans-to-percentage of GDP, could grow from its current level of around 30% to ~45% in years to come. Such huge opportunities also  prompts several questions: Who is/ are the dominant players in the market? What is/are their share in the banking industry? What is the market structure of Indian banking industry; is it a monopoly or a perfect competition? Objectives and Motivation: The objective of this dissertation is to understand the Indian banking industry, its composition (nationalised banks, private bank and foreign banks) and knowing the players of the industry. Further the study will find out how much concentrated the Indian banking industry is and provide knowledge regarding top 3 as well as top 5 major banks. Such a concentration ratio would give a fair idea of how decision of the top players as an implication on the other industry players. The study will include the determination of the market structure of Indian banking industry. Its imperative to know whether the industry is a perfect competition, a monopoly or a monopolistic competition. This would lead to understanding of the cohesive behaviour of the market players. My motivation for choosing this topic came from the complexity of the Indian banking industry. The number of players, entry of new players, consolidation among the existing players, ever-changing economic scenario of India etc and its impact on the banking industry always fascinated me to do a study on the Indian Banking industry. I also feel that such study would be useful not only for the policymakers within the central bank and the government but also for the existing players, the potential entrants and for other stakeholders of the banking industry. Literature Review As per the neoclassical theory, the spectrum of market structure can be defined by the number of firms and size of those firms in the market [Goddard, Molyneux Wilson (2001)]. Various numerical measures of concentration have been used by empirical researchers in order to find the concentration of industry players. But at the same time, there is no single perfect measure for concentration [Goddard, Molyneux Wilson (2001)]. Nevertheless all these measure are subject to the idiosyncracies and limitation; they usually tend to correlate highly with each other [Curry and George (1983); Scherer and Ross (1990)]. Hall and Tideman (1967) have provided the desirable properties which are required for these measures of concentration to be acceptable. Concentration measures like k-bank concentration ratio, Herfindahl-Hirschman index (HHI) are extensively used to measure the banking sector performance as a function of market structure [Barth et al., 2004, Beck at el, 2006)]. k-bank concentration ratio For measuring the concentration of firms, the most frequently used ratio is k-bank concentration ratio (Bikker 2004). The reason this ratio is so frequently used is because of its simplicity and limited data requirement. The index gives equal emphasis to the k leading banks, but neglects the many small banks in the market. It is a one dimensional measure ranging between zero and unity [Al-Muharrami S.,Matthews k., Khabari Y (2006)]. In a review of 73 US Structure-Conduct-Performance studies in banking from 1961 to 1991, in 37 studies the k-bank deposit concentration measure was used (Molyneux et al. 1996) Herfindahl Hirschman Index (HHI) HHI is another benchmark measure for measuring the bank concentration and gives more weight to larger banks. It was developed by A.O.Hirschman. It expands to all the banks in the system, thereby avoiding the arbitrary cut offs [Alegria, C and Schaeck K (2006)]. Bikker (2004) highlights the importance of HHI in the theoretical research. In practice, the HHI plays a pivotal role in the US for the approval of bank mergers where the post mergers market HHI cannot exceed 0.18 and that the change in the index should be less than 0.02 (Cetorelli, 1999). This index is also used to measure the bank concentration in Arab GCC banking system [Al-Muharrami S.,Matthews k., Khabari Y (2006)] and in measuring the competition and market structure in the Saudi Arabia [Al-Muharrami (2009)] Panzer and Rosse H statistics The measure of market structure helps in determining whether the market enjoys perfect competition, monopoly or monopolistic competition. This is also known measuring the monopoly power hypothesis. It means that in more concentrated markets the bigger players tend to be collusive and try to dominate the market. Also their actions have considerable impact on the other market players. There are several models for determining the market structure. The models are divided into two parts: 1) Structural Models and 2) Non Structural Models. This study will employ the non-structural model approach suggested by Rosse and Panzer (1977) and Panzer and Rosse (1982, 1987), popularly known as the H-statistics. It is widely used in determining the competitive structure of the banking industry in various countries. In the banking industry, there is extensive use of Rosse and Panzer method and has got a wide practical applicability. In his study on New York banks, Shaffer (1982) had observed that banks had monopolistic competition. Similar study for Canadian banks by Nathan and Neave (1989) found a perfect competition for 1982 but monopolistic competition for 1983-84. Japan revealed perfect competition [Molyneux et al (1996)]. Molyneux et al. (1994) also tested the P-R statistics for French, German, Italian, Spanish and British banks for the period of 1986-1989 in order to determine the competitive conditions of major European countries. Methodology The study involves the use of k-bank concentration ratio and HHI ratio for gauging the competition and Panzer and Rosse for determining the monopoly power of the players of Indian Banking industry. These ratios have been extensively used in the different studies mentioned above. K-bank concentration ratio measures the market share of the top k-firms in the industry. The equation is n CRn = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬ËœSi i=1 Where Si is the market share of the i-th firm when firms are ranked in descending order of the market share. Market share is measured in terms of sales, assets or number of employees. Commonly used values of n include 3, 4, 5 or 8. The researchers have also found that there is high correlation between concentration ratios defined using alternative values of n [Bailey and Boyle (1971)]. The advantage of k-bank concentration ratio is that it is easily measurable; one needs to know only the total size of the industry and the individual sizes of firms. But it lacks in taking the size distribution of remaining firms. In this study, the market share would be measured on the basis of the loan size (assets) and the deposit size (liability) of the banks. The value of n would be 3 and 5 i.e. CR3 and CR5. HHI uses information about all points in the firm size distribution. It is defined as the sum of the squares of the markets share of all firms: N HHI = à ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬ËœSi2 i=1 Where Si is the market shares of the firm i and N is the total number of firms in the industry. In the calculation of HHI, the larger firms get a heavier weightage than their smaller counterparts which reflects their relative importance in the market. This study uses P-R h-statistics, a non-structural model, measuring competition and emphasizes the analysis of the competitive conduct of banks without explicit information about the structure of the market. The P-R determines the competitive behaviour of banks on the basis of the comparative static properties of reduced-form revenue equation based on cross-section data [Panzer and Rosse (1987)]. The equation is Ln(TREV) = ÃŽÂ ±0 + ÃŽÂ ±1 ln PL + ÃŽÂ ±2 ln PK + ÃŽÂ ±3 ln PF + ÃŽÂ ±4 ln RISKASS + ÃŽÂ ±5 ln ASSET + ÃŽÂ ±6 ln BR The variables are defined as follows: TREV : the ratio of total revenue to total assets PL : ratio of personnel expense to employees PK : ratio of capital expense to fixed assets PF : ratio of annual interest expense to total loanable funds RISKASS : ratio of provisions to total assets ASSET : bank total assets BR : ratio of number of branches to total number of branches in the country. The H-statistic value is the sum of factor price elasticity: PL, PK and PF. The value H à ¢Ã¢â‚¬ °Ã‚ ¤ 0 implies monopoly equilibrium. A value of 0 Data The data for all the calculations of k-bank concentration ratio, HHI and P-R H-statistics will be obtained from Orbis database. Further, the data would also be taken from the Reserve Bank of India(RBI)s profile of banks 2004-2005 2008-2009. Incase any data is not available from the two main sources (Orbis and RBI), the data would be extracted from financial statements of banks, from their websites and from reports published on the Indian Stock exchanges namely Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange (NSE). The sample period covers 2002-2008. Conclusion The conclusion would include the interpretation of the results obtained by usage of E-view and MS- Excel software. In summation, the study would help in knowing the concentration ratio through k-bank ratio as well as HHI and help in understanding the monopoly power of large banks in India. Such a study would be helpful to determine the cohesive behaviour of the players of industry and how their decision would affect the entire industry as well as the Indian economy. With a lots consolidation happening in the industry, such a study would help in understanding the shifts in the concentration and market powers if any. Last but not the least; an attempt would be made to give some recommendations based on the results.

Csr Initiatives Taken By Bayer Material Science Management Essay

Csr Initiatives Taken By Bayer Material Science Management Essay 1. Introduction This is the report which contains about the assessment and looks at the Corporate Social Responsibility initiatives taken by Bayer Material Science (BMS). 1.1 Introduction to the Case Study This case study is based in the chemical industry and presents the decision of Germanys Bayer Material Science (BMS) to choose appropriate measures of corporate social responsibility initiatives taken by the organization and to promote the process of setting up and running a plant in China. The story is centered on Dr Dirk van Meirvenne, who managed the plant in Map Ta Phut, Thailand, at the time of the case. About BMS Bayer AG is the management holding company of the Bayer Group, which was founded in 1863.Today Bayer is a research based global enter-praise with core competences in the fields of health care, nutrition and innovative high -tech materials. It is represented around the world by 350 companies, which market approximately 5,000 products Bayers global headquarters in Leverkusen, Germany, his business is structured into three sub groups. Bayers Health Care AG Bayers Crop Science AG Bayers Material Science AG These are supported by central service functions which are combined into the three service companies. 2. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) Corporate social responsibility is related to, but not identical with, business ethics. It is concerned with the ways in which an organization exceeds the minimum obligations to stakeholders specified through regulation and corporate governance. This includes considerations as to how the conflicting demands of different stakeholders can be reconciled. Since the legal and regulatory frameworks pay uneven attention to the rights of different stakeholders it is useful to distinguish between contractual stakeholders such as customers, suppliers or employees who have a legal relationship with an organization and community stakeholders such as local communities, consumers (in general) and pressure groups who do not have the protection of the law to the same extent as the first group. Therefore the corporate social responsibility policies of companies will be particularly important to these community stakeholders. 2.1. CSR in BMS Corporate social responsibility (CSR) analyzed economic, legal, ethical, and discretionary expectations that society has of organizations at a given point in time with focusing under four stances Leissez faire, enlightened self interest, forum for stake holder interaction and shaper of society those typically involve in terms of the ways organization practices. The Laissez Faire View It represents an extreme stance where Bayer takes the view that the responsibility of business is the short term interest of shareholders and to make a profit, pay taxes and provide jobs. It is for government to prescribe throw legislation and regulation. They have shown their commitment to CSR in their objectives. They have long track records of welfare engagement. Most activities are organized at the local level by Bayer foreign subsidiaries and maintain public private partnerships which are corporative projects with local and government organization. They are ensuring their acceptances into the portfolio of investment and pension funds that are oriented around ethical principle and sustainability criteria. They also aimed at making an attracting employer for high skilled personnel. They are technical and economic expertise is closely link to a responsibility to work for the benefit of mankind and contribute to sustainable. They are well aware of the value of their 120,000 employee in achieving and sustaining the high standard. They are contracting their employees by recognizing in each country where they operate. These needs may vary along with customs and national culture from country to country. Before they decided to invest in Thailand they recruited educated employees by sending to Europe for one year. This shows they have always been forecast on the development of the CSR to make short term interest of shareholders. Enlightened Self-Interest Is has tempered with recognition of the long term financial benefit to the shareholder of well-managed relationships with other stakeholders. The justification for social action is that it makes good business sense. An organizations reputation is important to its long term financial success and there is a business case to be made for a more proactive stance on social issues in order to recruit and retain for staff, for example. So corporate philanthropy or welfare investment or promotion expenditure. The sponsorship of major sporting or arts events by companies is an example. When employees view their organizations commitment to socially responsible behavior more favorably, they also tend to have more positive attitudes in other areas that correlate with better performance. Bayer group have promoted activities include health education programme and initiatives to improve child care project to combat child labour, education and vocational tanning. The promotion of culture and sports or projects to encourage cultural diversity form these shareholders believe their organizations recognize and reward great customer service, act quickly to address and resolve customer concerns, and are led by people in senior management who act in the best interest of customers. So we can add corporate social responsibility, the CSR factor  to the top drivers of workplace engagement. Its also a factor in attracting and retaining talent. And the more senior management is seen to be out front on the issue, the more employees like it. Forum of Stakeholders Interaction It defines multiple stakeholders interests and expectations. Bayer focuses on the right societal megatrends: a responsible approach to drinking water, childrens health, energy-efficient and environmentally friendly production and innovation are viewed as crucial issues, as are climate change and climate protection, sustainable health care and safety at the workplace. The transparent implementation of these issues is detailed particularly clearly in the focus issue sections but is also demonstrated in the Performance Report. Granted funds to support the organizing, a soccer tournament and supported a School tournament for students from schools. Bayer Corporation believes that adhering to this ideology and continuously making improvements to their Work Life programs and benefits are what has made us one of the worlds top inventor companies. Shapers of Society It focuses of financial considerations as of secondary importance or a constraint, in this sense it seeking to change society and social norms.Bayer intends to contribute to a stable business environment, safeguarding the legitimacy and justification for the companys operations while same time strengthening the confidence of board cross section of society in the companys social responsibility, here by highlighted the three main areas: Bayers have legal obligations under statute and under tort to respect and protect the environment and human rights. Bayer has long track of welfare involvements nongovernmental organizations NGOs to set up local or governmental initiatives to solve a wide variety of social problems. Partners with United Nations Environment Programme; supports and organizes a no. of projects, which aim to reinforce environmental awareness and advance knowledge about the environment awareness. Bayers believe in modern innovative technology transfer, creation of welfare and responsible development in their work. Corporate boards should be permitted / forced to consider non-financial matters under securities and corporate law to insure that the business is not put at risk. Bayers CSR commitment covers wide range of activities which, supported by monetary and material donations or company foundation. Promoted activities include ; health educations programmes and initiative to improve child care projects to combat child labor, education and vocational training, environmental protection, promotion of culture and sports or projects to encourage culture and sports or projects to encourage cultural diversity and combat of discrimination. Responsibility care code of management practices, BMS Thailand; Bayers invest on pension funds that are oriented around ethical principles and sustainability criteria. Bayers work hard to educate consumers and other actors in society to drive fair trade and sustainable models of production Donating books and magazines to municipality school libraries, by educating pupils and also providing health care services. 3. Conclusion Corporate social responsibility of BMS shows that organizations have moral, ethical, and philanthropic responsibilities in addition to their responsibilities to earn a fair return for investors and comply with the law. Organization adopting a broader view of its responsibilities that includes not only stockholders, but many other constituencies as well, including employees, suppliers, customers, the local community, local, state, and federal governments, environmental groups, and other special interest groups. Even though they have being proactive on environmental issues they are some issue on their environmental harm because of chemical exposed. To provide Support in the form of green initiatives is obtainable for improving processes, it would be helped them to improved public image, stake holders relationship and reputation. In addition, And all Bayer industries would be pressured to follow Bayers lead, resulting in an improvement of air quality (defend on air pollution) that would benefit residents, workers, and local government agencies and industries that depend on an influx of residents and tourists.   Recommendations Industrial environmental protection and corporate social responsibility have always been inseparably linked at Bayer, for further reference refer to Appendix 1. Developing enlightened self interest Go out of the way to practice showing positive feelings towards others- gratitude, respect, trust which in turn will arouse goodwill from them. Choose some new activities in various life areas work, family, leisure that will bring goodwill and motivate the employees. At the same time, act assertively. In other words, until enlightened self-interest becomes part of you, consciously seek to get you get more of what you want, while respecting the views and feelings of the other people involved. For further, Making available Support in the form of green proposal is recommendable for improving processes, it would be helped them to gain better public image, stake holders relationship and reputation by invest considerable time, effort, and capital in green technology becoming much greener company. Come up with additional funding for Health and Safety of the employees and residents against possible injury, illness, and death. Should absolve Bayer by proving that actual air fabrication where were much operation occurrence and reflecting at the side of air pollution, heat and power without funding to allow the EPA to test air emissions at the site and without efforts by the stakeholders to persuade Bayer to reduce the amount of waste produced at the site In order to invest in China they should focus those drawbacks and critical situations to be avoided inconveniences and to be successful and pave in China. References (2008). Coperate Social Responsibility. In K. S. Gerry Johnson, 8th Edition, Exploring Coperarte Strategy (pp. 145 148). England: Bristish Library Catalogue-In-Publication Data. (2008). Bayer MaterialScience: Resposnsible Operations in Thailand and China. In K. S. Gerry Johnson, 8th Edition, Exploring Coperarte Strategy (pp. 677 684). England: Bristish Library Catalogue-In-Publication Data. Bayer Material Science , Bayer Material Science [online] Available at: http://www.bayermaterialscience.com/internet/global_portal_cms.nsf/id/home_en [Accessed 11 January2011] Bayer Bids to Be No. 1 in Polycarbonate, Plastics Technology, February 2000, p. 69. Bayer, CuraGen Alliance, Chemical Market Reporter, February 26, 2001, p. 7. Bayer Playing Catch-Up, Med Ad News, March 2001. Bayer Prepares Bulk Chemicals Restructuring, Chemical Market Reporter, March 24, 1997, p. 8. Brierley, David, Bayer Finds Breaking Up Is Hard to Do, European, August 7, 1997, p. 24. Hume Claudia, Bayer Rejects Call for Split, Chemical Week, March 21, 2001, p. 7. Rosendahl, Iris, Out Miles, in Bayer, Drug Topics, February 6, 1995, p. 54.

Women in Buddhism Essay -- Religion Religious Philosophy Essays

Women in Buddhism The role of women in religion, especially Eastern religions, is a strange one. Western religions are fairly straightforward about a women's place. For example, most Western religions (excluding the Roman Catholic Church) allow women in leadership roles within the religious community. Judaism allows women rabbis, most Christian religions allow women ministers, and even Islam, which does not allow women mullah, have had many influential female sufi's throughout Islamic history. Women have had similar roles in Eastern religion. However, the big difference in Eastern religion is in the philosophical or scriptural attitude towards women versus the actual, "everyday role" of women. According to the Bhagavad Gita, "...those who take shelter in Me, though they be of lower birth -- women, vaisyas (merchants), as well as sudras (workers) -- can approach the supreme destination." (Bhagavad Gita, 9:32) This places women in a spiritual role similar to that of men. However, because of the place of women in traditional Indian society, women are thought to be inferior. This is clearly expressed in the Gita in a number of chapters. Women are thought to be untrustworthy and stupid, easily corrupted (1:40), and a hindrance to men on the path to liberation (16:11- 12). The Manu-samhita, a Hindu book that lays down "the law of the human race," explains that women should not be given freedom and should be protected at all times. According to Swami Prabhupada, the leader of the Krishna Consciousness movement, "That does not mean that women are to be kept as slaves, but they are like children. Children are not given freedom, but that does not mean they are kept as... ...untries, such as Japan, Korea and India, develop more equality towards women, female religious teachers should become much more common. This may be just what Buddhism needs to shake it from its lethargy, and give it a boost of much needed energy. As it stands now, the United States has become the spiritual center for Buddhism, a fact that has a lot to do with the role of women in these traditions. WORKS CITED A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, trans. Bhagavad Gita As It Is. New York: Collier Books, 1972. Bays, Gwendolyn, trans. The Lalitavistara Sutra. Berkeley, CA: Dharma Publishing, 1983. Coomaraswamy, Ananda. Buddha and the Gospel of Buddhism. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel Press, 1988. Tworkow, Helen. Butsumon. Spring 1990. San Francisco: Buddhist Bookstore and Buddhist Churches of America. Women in Buddhism Essay -- Religion Religious Philosophy Essays Women in Buddhism The role of women in religion, especially Eastern religions, is a strange one. Western religions are fairly straightforward about a women's place. For example, most Western religions (excluding the Roman Catholic Church) allow women in leadership roles within the religious community. Judaism allows women rabbis, most Christian religions allow women ministers, and even Islam, which does not allow women mullah, have had many influential female sufi's throughout Islamic history. Women have had similar roles in Eastern religion. However, the big difference in Eastern religion is in the philosophical or scriptural attitude towards women versus the actual, "everyday role" of women. According to the Bhagavad Gita, "...those who take shelter in Me, though they be of lower birth -- women, vaisyas (merchants), as well as sudras (workers) -- can approach the supreme destination." (Bhagavad Gita, 9:32) This places women in a spiritual role similar to that of men. However, because of the place of women in traditional Indian society, women are thought to be inferior. This is clearly expressed in the Gita in a number of chapters. Women are thought to be untrustworthy and stupid, easily corrupted (1:40), and a hindrance to men on the path to liberation (16:11- 12). The Manu-samhita, a Hindu book that lays down "the law of the human race," explains that women should not be given freedom and should be protected at all times. According to Swami Prabhupada, the leader of the Krishna Consciousness movement, "That does not mean that women are to be kept as slaves, but they are like children. Children are not given freedom, but that does not mean they are kept as... ...untries, such as Japan, Korea and India, develop more equality towards women, female religious teachers should become much more common. This may be just what Buddhism needs to shake it from its lethargy, and give it a boost of much needed energy. As it stands now, the United States has become the spiritual center for Buddhism, a fact that has a lot to do with the role of women in these traditions. WORKS CITED A.C. Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, trans. Bhagavad Gita As It Is. New York: Collier Books, 1972. Bays, Gwendolyn, trans. The Lalitavistara Sutra. Berkeley, CA: Dharma Publishing, 1983. Coomaraswamy, Ananda. Buddha and the Gospel of Buddhism. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel Press, 1988. Tworkow, Helen. Butsumon. Spring 1990. San Francisco: Buddhist Bookstore and Buddhist Churches of America.

Hellfire and Damnation Essay -- essays papers

Hellfire and Damnation Looking back on my childhood, I have many memories shrouded in fear and self-loathing. I was raised in the Baptist church. My mother and grandmother made sure that I attended church every Sunday morning. My grandmother was from the mid-west. She carried her strict Bible belt background with her as she traveled west with my grandfather. The many lessons I learned from my grandmother and the minister at our church played a big part in how I began to see the world and my place in it. It would seem, looking back now, that the whole basis for my teachings during those early years was fear. I had the most intense fear of going to Hell. The only thing one had to know about Hell was that it was the place where one’s worst nightmares became real. The really horrible part was that Hell was for eternity. This one life that I had to live could determine whether or not eternity would be heaven or hell. From my experience as a five-year-old, I knew that most things usually turned out wrong on the first try, so the thought of having to get it right in just one try damn near paralyzed me. With Hell as the ultimate punishment, I began going about the business of learning how to avoid it. It seems that there was a list a mile long of things that one should or shouldn’t do that would put one in the good graces of the Lord. Do not hang out with the pagans down the street (there was a Mormon Church about two blocks down). Do not engage in pre-marital sex. Never masturbate. This is just to name a few; the list seems to go on and on. As if the list of things to avoid was not long enough, the minister of our small congregation was always preaching about how unworthy of God’s love we were. It seemed his favorite... ...to find those truths for myself. In so doing, I was to create my own belief system. I wanted a belief system that would give me a firm foundation and the strength to face life. I did not want a belief system that was going to paralyze me with fear. I still, to this day, do battle with the imaginary demons that were placed in my head as a child. My feelings of being unworthy sometimes surface, but more often than not I feel confident and free following my heart. I feel that God would much rather have me happy and spreading happiness than miserable and spreading misery. Christianity to me these days is just another institution set up by those few who want to take advantage and control the weak and tired majority. I can no longer live in fear, so I must stand up and refuse to listen to anyone claiming to know what’s best for me. My heart is my only true guide.

Essay --

Temos aktualumas. Ã… ½monÄâ€"s vis daugiau laiko praleidÃ… ¾ia keliaudami, todÄâ€"l neiÃ… ¡vengiamai atsiduria nepaÃ… ¾Ã„ ¯stamose aplinkose, o tai sukelia Ä ¯vairiausiÃ… ³ nepatogumÃ… ³ ir problemÃ… ³. Keliaujantieji daugybÄ™ valandÃ… ³ praleidÃ… ¾ia planuojant, kokius lankytinus objektus nori pamatyti nuvykus Ä ¯ svetimÄ… Ã… ¡alÄ ¯ ar miestÄ…, taÄ iau ten atsidÃ… «rus vis vien dauguma dalykÃ… ³ atrodo painÃ… «s ir klaidinantys. Turint mobilÃ… ³jÄ ¯ Ä ¯renginÄ ¯ ir naudojant papildytosios realybÄâ€"s mikroprogramas Ã… ¡ie rÃ… «pesÄ iai gali bÃ… «ti greitai ir lengvai iÃ… ¡sprÄ™sti. PaÃ… ¾intinÄ ¯ turizmÄ… papildÃ… ¾ius virtualiais objektais, animacijomis ir kitokia grafine bei tekstine informacija, keliavimas tampa labiau Ä ¯traukiantis ir informatyvus. Lankant istorines vietas, papildytosios realybÄâ€"s programos gali realÃ… ³ vaizdÄ… padengti Ã… ¾emÄâ€"lapiais ir informacija, kuri leis pamatyti kaip Ã… ¡i vieta atrodÄâ€" prieÃ… ¡ kelis ar keliolika amÃ… ¾iÃ… ³. Italijoje 2009-ais metais visuomenei pristatytas „iTacitusâ€Å" projektas, kuris leidÃ… ¾ia lankytojams, vaikÃ… ¡tinÄâ€"jantiems po vietovÄ™, pamatyti virtualias, kaÃ… ¾kada ten stovÄâ€"jusias ir nugriautas 3D skulptÃ… «ras, pamatyti istorinÄ ¯ KoliziejÃ… ³ su jame oÃ… ¡ianÄ ia minia ir besirungianÄ iais gladiatoriais. GalimybÄâ€" iÃ… ¡plÄâ€"sti realÃ… ³jÄ ¯ pasaulÄ ¯ ir susisteminti matomus vaizdus iÃ… ¡ties Ã… ¾avi, taÄ iau Ã… ¡iÄ… technologijÄ… puoselÄâ€"jantys specialistai vis dar susiduria su daugybe techniniÃ… ³ bei socialiniÃ… ³ iÃ… ¡Ã… ¡Ã… «kiÃ… ³ ir problemÃ… ³. IÃ… ¡kreiptas realiÃ… ³ ir virtualiÃ… ³ objektÃ… ³ sulygiavimas, objekto atpaÃ… ¾inimas ir jutiklio tikslumas, vartotojo privatumas ir realios fizinÄâ€"s saugos rizika – tai tik keli susirÃ… «pinimÄ… keliantys iÃ… ¡Ã… ¡Ã… «kiai. SudÄâ€"tingÃ… ³ konstrukcijÃ… ³ gamyboje, medicinoje ar karinÄâ€"je pramonÄâ€"je papildyta realybÄâ€" Ã… ¡iandien yra sÄâ€"kmingai taikoma ir naudojama, taÄ iau tam yra skiriamos milÃ… ¾iniÃ… ¡kos investicijos, naudojami tiksliausi ir patikimi... ...nkstesniÃ… ³ skyriÃ… ³ literatÃ… «ros analizÄ™, autoriÃ… ³ iÃ… ¡vadas ir mikroprogramÃ… ³ palyginimo rezultatus, pasiÃ… «lyta paÃ… ¾intiniam turizmui tinkamiausia papildytos realybÄâ€"s mikroprogramÃ… ³ platforma bei modeliai, kurie turÄâ€"tÃ… ³ bÃ… «ti integruoti joje. Ketvirtame skyriuje atliktas empirinis tyrimas, vertinant vartotojÃ… ³ poreikius integruojant papildytos realybÄâ€"s mikroprogramÃ… ³ modelius Ä ¯ paÃ… ¾intinio turizmo infrastruktÃ… «rÄ…. Tyrimo rezultatai atskleidÄâ€", kurie mikroprogramÃ… ³ modeliai ir jÃ… ³ pavyzdÃ… ¾iai labiausiai domina apklaustus respondentus. Kadangi tyrimo imtis buvo pakankama, gautus rezultatus ir iÃ… ¡vadas galima taikyti visai populiacijai – visi Lietuvos gyventojai. Darbas baigiamas iÃ… ¡vadomis, apie papildytos realybÄâ€"s mikroprogramÃ… ³ pritaikymo galimybes paÃ… ¾intiniame turizme, ir pasiÃ… «lymais, kokius papildytos realybÄâ€"s mikroprogramÃ… ³ modelius reikia integruoti Ä ¯ paÃ… ¾intinio turizmo infrastruktÃ… «rÄ….

Dukwane’s deliverance Essay

Being different is not always bad. It can as well mean to be capable of doing something others wouldn’t have done, to have a dream of becoming something that extends beyond your social environment. But it can be a complicated road to achieving this dream and you can meet different obstacles that need to be overcome. Sometimes deliverance is the answer. This is the situation presented in the short story â€Å"Dukwane’s deliverance†, written by Neil Ramsorrum, where the boy, Dukwane, looses the ability to walk while having a plan on attending Cambridge University. He has to deal with the fact that he is a black teenage, who lives in a society where most people are white and despite that he is a cripple as well. The main theme is reflected in this confrontation with difficulties, and tells never to give up on your dreams. The protagonist Dukwane is a black teenager, who lives with his father and mother in Camden. His family are not particularly wealthy, which is indicated by the fact that he works six shifts a week in a non-fancy fast-food restaurant. Another indication of this is the father’s choice of occupation, â€Å"As he looked at his father sat there, his bottom shirt button open and exposing his belly overhanging his trousers, he felt a sense of sadness, but also a determination to be more†. Dukwane wants to be more than his father, who is overweight and sits in front of the television all day. This ambition is a characteristic thing about him. Dukwane is not like other people in his social environment. He is an intelligent teenager, who is going to attend Cambridge University, which you can argue is an uncommon decision among his friends and family. Dukwane’s friend, Jermaine, questions Dukwane’s decision. â€Å"Well, they are all loaded, and white, I heard you get the cane from your teachers if you don’t do your work. And the older guys are gay and make the younger ones do weird shit†. He presents some negative prejudices about the university. He doesn’t think it is a place for him and wonders why he wants to attend. However Dukwane is determined to attend Cambridge University and later on becoming a politician just like Barak Obama, his big idol. Dukwane is furthermore a very courageous teenager who wants to do the right thing. â€Å"Dukwane gets up first, his hand raised to try and calm the gang of four, instinctively he places his body between the kid and his pursers†. He chooses to protect the child from getting caught and  ends up being stabbed himself. â€Å"You always do the right thing†, is what Jermaine said afterwards and even after the suggestion of revenge Dukwane does the right thing and refuses. But despite being different he is as well a part of the social environment. â€Å"†Melones hugos! Nice,† said Dukwane in what he imagined was a Spanish accent. â€Å"That’s all you think about.†Ã¢â‚¬  His use of colloquial language indicates that he can act as the others when the situation comes. The story is told with a third person narrator, who has a limited omniscient point of view. This means that the reader sees the events and other characters from Dukwane’s point of view. This way of telling a story involves the reader more than an â€Å"all knowing† third person narrator by giving the narrator an identity and makes it more interesting for the reader because everything becomes possible when the narrator isn’t â€Å"all knowing†. You can other than that say that the reader is involved due the knowledge of Dukwane’s thoughts and feelings. â€Å"He hears the sound after he feels it. Almost like the release of air, his body no longer in his control, falling to the pavement again. He feels the blood but cannot lift his head to see it. All he can see is the blur of neon fading†. The narrator has a limited point of view, and therefore the reader has a limited insight, which creates intensity and therefore becomes interesting. Another thing that creates this intensity is the change in tense. The scene where the quotation is chosen from is in the present tense, whereas the rest of the story is in the present tense. The author’s choice of using this tense combined with short sentences separated by commas and mimicking sudden motion creates a vivid setting, where the reader is involved. This leads to the setting of the short story. Dukwane lives as said in a less wealthy environment just outside London and there are different indications that tell about this environment. The social setting is mostly conveyed through the use of social- and class markers and the colloquial language, which Dukwane and his friends use. First of all there is the non-fancy restaurant, where the customers aren’t taken that serious. â€Å"†Pretty much. Except when I’m thinking about ass. You should try it.  £2.99, boss†Ã¢â‚¬ , here Jermaine is addressing Dukwane, but in the last  sentence he addresses a costumer. Usually the focus is at the costumer when you are at work in order to show your manners. His action and language indicates that they are a part of the lower social class, where manners aren’t very important. Another class marker is the hospital Dukwane is in. â€Å"Dukwane turned on the TV console above his bed.  £3.50 per day to watch the BBC† You don’t usually pay money for watching TV at a hospital, and it is totally absurd in comparison to the Danish hospitals, so the hospital isn’t fancy. Furthermore you can say that the environment is multicultural. â€Å"You know the Bengalis my cousin Frank hangs out with?† The fact that the protagonist himself is black, and that there are people from Bangladesh indicates that the area is multicultural. An interesting thing about the setting is that it also reflects Dukwane’s mood and the atmosphere. â€Å"As he stepped out onto Yorks Way, the sun was setting over Kings Cross in the distance, a crimson candyfloss sky broken by a dozen cranes all busy building his city.† He is happy that he got into Cambridge and the beautiful sunset and candyfloss sky create an atmosphere and reflect his mood. Moreover there is a contrast between he metallic machines and the fluffy candyfloss sky, which distinguish between the magical unrealistic sky and the rough capability and power of the cranes. The setting shows the distinction between what Dukwane already has and what he searches for, from the less wealthy environment to the large city of London. The theme of the short story is that you shouldn’t give up your dream despite the obstacles that can occur on your way to achieving it. â€Å"You are going to do what you always wanted to do. Do you hear†, â€Å"By your wits and sheer persistence. This is what makes us rise above other men, it is how we face adversity; how we challenge those who hold us back, how we make real our dream†. This is what the imaginary Barack Obama said to Dukwane, when he was given morphine to ease his pain. This quotation reflects the main theme of the story with precision. The short story â€Å"Dukwane’s deliverance† is about a bright black teenage boy, who is admitted to Cambridge University but unfortunately becomes paralyzed in his legs. He wants to be more than his father; he wants to break the social heritage in a multicultural area where people aren’t particularly wealthy, which is reflected in the social setting and the colloquial language. The setting shows as well this distinction between the two environments and what Dukwane has and wants to achieve. Nothing will stop him from achieving his dream neither as a poor black man nor a cripple.

Bail to Jail

Richard Singer covers in his book â€Å"Examples & Explanations: Criminal Procedure II: From Bail to Jail† almost everything that can be legally relevant in the judicial process following the arrest of the possible suspect or future convict. Exhaustive and extremely well-documented, the book covers important aspects in the mechanism ranging from bargained pleas and charging decisions to sentencing and appeals that may follow the jury decision.One of the most important positive aspect we may point out in this book is the courage the author has to include deeply debated legal subjects we are dealing with nowadays. Certainly, in a time of global war with terrorism, new and out of place measures for the democratic civilizations may seem out of place. We are not referring only to the increased measures of national security, but also to controversial issues such as Guantanamo Bay.Given the fact that, on one hand, in the global war against terror, we may consider that almost anything goes and that, on the other hand, significant abuse on human rights were marked by numerous party there, we may consider that deciding to deal with these cases and to explain them is actually a tough and courageous decision on the part of any author. However, Richard Singer does just that. He is not afraid to approach such subjects and his book is very present in today’s reality. From enemy combatant cases to Guantanamo Bay, everything is approached here.In many ways, we feel that this book covers every relevant detail in traditional topics related to post-arrest procedures, including relevant post-trial actions. Further more, as a student, one can only find that the book is written so as to fit the needs of a student. In this sense, we see, for example, that the general approaches to different legal actions and concepts are always followed up by different sets of exercises, each completed with explanations and answers. As a student, one always finds this helpful as it pract ically prolongs the explanations in the book, applying them to learned theory.Relating to the different chapters, this book includes opinions on â€Å"early decisions about the defendant, charging decisions, the grand jury and alternatives, evidence disclosure, pleas of guilt and bargained pleas, the jury, double jeopardy, assistance of counsel, sentencing, and appeals and collateral attack† , only to mention some of them. It is difficult to select the most useful or interesting aspect in this book. The main quality we may find is that it is professionally written and that the approach of a professional is felt throughout the book.Additionally, even if the background is scientific, the approach is often close to the reader, with useful testing features and the capacity to involve the reader in study. Given the difficulty of the subject, this is often something to appreciate: an approach that is likely to reach better the reader is often preferred. Bibliography 1. Barnes and N obles Review. On the Internet at http://btobsearch. barnesandnoble. com/booksearch/isbnInquiry. asp? z=y&btob=Y&isbn=0735550638&TXT=Y&itm=2

ICT Specification for a spreadsheet for the Hairdressing business

The specification points are very useful because they are like a shopping list and help us to make sure we follow a list of requirements that are important in order for us to ensure that the system that we will create will be able to do certain things in the list below. To have a list of specification points so that when it comes to planning and creating the spreadsheet it will be much easier for us. The list below is extra support and a helpful list to guiding me when I create the spreadsheet for the Hairdressing business. 1. Allows creating a booking system for example an easy way to organise all the clients in a useful way for example in alphabetical order. The booking system is able to store and organise the clients details in alphabetical order this can be done by left clicking ascending order. 1. The system should be allowed to create queries such as multiple criteria or simple search criteria search. To help find for only certain clients that I need to find for example if I there is a discount on women’s haircuts so then I will need to identify only females in the system. Queries can be made on the system for example multiple or simple searches. This will help to identify the people that are only needed to find. 1. I will have a validation rule to minimise errors in the database. E.g. presence check or a formula checks in the system. Validation rules have been entered to reduce the amount of errors occurring in the database system In order to keep the records correct and up to date. 1. The system must be able to have a print button and save the work quickly and easily I will have a print or save button. The system I have created will have a print button on it. 1. I should be able to edit for example to delete old clients and store details and keep record of the data and keep record up to data and recent. Records on the table are able to be stored deleted and kept up to date on the recent data. 1. Include a menu page for the system to make it easy to navigate from page to page and this should help get us easily from page top page. My system has a menu page in order to help to ease the use of navigation 1. Include a primary key to give clients in the system a unique number so it will be easy to find him or her with reference to that specific unique number that is supplied to them in the system. The primary key has been put on the booking ID field because this is recognised to be the key field. 1. To have a back up strategy in case the system is hacked into or is lost or damaged so the back up program is a USB or a CD containing the program/system on it and their details. The information has been stored on my USB and that there is anti-virus is stored to prevent any data or memory loss. 1. To have tables and then link the tables together by relationships and this should make it easier for the user to navigate from page to page quickly. Relationships have been attached to both the tables the Customer details table and the Appointment booking table. 1. I will create a form that will make it another way of presenting the information to the user or the receptionist. Forms will be created to help make the reading of the details and the information easier for the person using it. The testing that we had previously carried out helped to improve my system and the evaluation has helped to make sure that all the criteria of the specification points have been met. The specification points have helped me to carry out the task as a whole more efficiently and to make sure it has appeared on my database the way I have wanted it to turn out. Testing made sure that all the specification points were all able to be fulfilled and achieved but at the same time realistic in order for me to carry them out efficiently. The new database system can now carry out some new and amazing functions it can now make the spreadsheet function well. For the database I have made macros/ navigation buttons to help make moving from one table to another much more simpler and easier. The Database will help me to store my information and store the data precisely in ascending order. There have not been many problems that have occurred from the database that I have created because the database that’s been created has hardly and errors and is functioning well it seems to be making good progress. The database has been made with the purpose to help to make sure that the new Hair Salon will be able to function properly. The two tables that I have created will help me to quickly find out which appointments have been appointed for which person and which person and the customer details have been sorted to keep them safe and in a more reliable way. This also makes it easier to view the information for each customer.

Marriage and Families

IntroductionFamilies are central institutions in our society. They are commissioned with the pivotal tasks of children upbringing and providing continuing intimacy and companionship to members. Traditionally, a family consists of persons related by blood, marriage or adoption. Other definitions of a family have specified a common household, economic independency, and sexual and reproductive relations (Lamanna and Riedmann, 2005)Sociologists continue to recognize the family important responsibility in performing necessary social roles such as child rearing, economic support and domestic maintenance. As families are becoming less traditional, the legal definition of a family has become more flexible.   Traditional or modern families have one mission in that they all create a place to belong in at least two ways. They create boundaries, and they serve as a repository or archive of family memories and traditions.Marriage which is a formal agreement between two people is the initial sta ge of forming a family. Our discussion will answer the basic questions on the legal bindings in marriages and outline factors that may affect marital stability.Primary provisions of a prenuptial agreement and personal contractBack in history husbands and wives were prohibited from making any contract between themselves. Still on the same period prenuptial agreements particular those meant to provide property rights following a divorce were prohibited. It was thought that these agreements would encourage divorce. In the recent times this laws have gradually changed to permit husbands and wives to make contracts with each other by which they agree about what assets would be held separately by either of them during the marriage. (Weisman, 2003)In many states, prenuptial agreements and personal contracts are highly encouraged. They preserve assets for children in case there is a divorce or the parents die.Weisman, (2003) comments that for a prenuptial agreement to be enforced, both peop le in the relationship must clearly disclose all the assets they have. Any agreement based on fraud will however not be recognized (pg, 7). The two parties are advised to have a lawyer for representation to ensure that the signing of the agreement is fair and reasonable.In America most states follow the uniform provisions act on prenuptial agreement. The act provides matters that are subject to a prenuptial agreement. (Weisman, 2003). They include; the right and obligation to make a contract in regard to property; the modification or elimination of spousal support; ownership rights and disposition of death benefits from a life insurance policy; The disposition of property upon separation; a break up of marriage, death or the occurrence or any other event and lastly the making of a will, trust or other arrangement.The above provisions for making of a personal contract are important because without such provisions in a prenuptial agreement, may result to fraudulent claims.In the Unite d States people who are old or senior citizens use prenuptial agreement to protect their assets and their children from previous marriages in the event that a spouse goes into a nursing home and Medicaid cover is sought. (pg, 8)Factor affecting marital stabilityAn analysis carried out by (Veroff and Shirley, 2002) describes these factors more schematically according to the process and number of years the couple has been into marriage. The first analysis is based on the factors that occur before getting married and starting a family. This factors are called pre-marriage factors and includes; social status of spouses, pre-marital connections of the couple and family background of the spouses. The pre-marriage factors studied under social status include; father and mother education, owns education, personal income, poverty ratio, race and educational attainment. Under the family background we have; number of siblings, broken home background and presence of older siblingsThe second cate gory discusses personal factors at the time of marriage. They are the characteristics comprising each spouse and their personality. They are; ambitiousness, cooperativeness, orientation of power and Neuroticism.The third analysis is based on interpersonal factors which describe how each individual relates with other people, and how he or she views others. They include; interpersonal perceptions, perceived interacting attitude in compatibility, and actual interactions.There are other factors that people face when they interact with others and they form our fourth category. These factors are referred to as external factors. Stress is one of the factors. Stress is an emotionally disruptive or unsettling gap that may exist between how we would like our life to be and how it actually is. Another external factor is network support which describes how well the family is connected with the outside world. The amount of support they receive from other families and friends.The final factor is the qualitative sense that the couple makes of their life together. These are the integrative feelings which can be both specific and general. Feelings in one year of set the stage for the marital factors in the next year which in turn affect the feelings in that year and so on. These feelings include marital happiness, marital competence, marital control, marital tension and marital equity. This are measured separately for each spouse. (Veroff and Shirley, 2002.pp 5-6)The above factors underline the stability or instability of a marriage.Forms of Marital DisruptionMarital problems are risk factors in a family environment where children are brought up. Marital conflicts that lead to divorce are the most detrimental towards children welfare. Marital disruptions according to (Richardson and Carol, 2002) are after associated with a change in economic circumstances and adjustments to altered linking conditions (pg, 1907). When parents are stressed they affect their parenting practices.A part form divorce parents may disagree but yet remain together. These parents have persistent conflicts that do not end. The end result of such conflicts is that they affect children’s behavior and lower their self esteem.Marital violence is part of marital disruption and involves physical aggression. This form is more upsetting to children than other forms of marital disruption. When children are exposed to marital violence they tend to imitate this in their relationships with others and display violent behavior towards teachers, peers and family members. (Richardson and Carol, 2002) also suggest that where children are exposed to negative emotions, their safely and security may be threatened and therefore they express anger towards their parents. Marital Abuse also results when parents are use violence against each other in marriages. Parents who have no respect for their children and end up abusing them either physically or sexually. Abuse falls under the marital violence Marital disruption may occur as a result of death of one person in a relationship. The irreversible loss of a close companion begins a process of grief and extended transition for the surviving spouse. There is an increased risk for emotional disturbance to bereaved individuals compared to their non-bereaved community counterparts. These effects may persist for second years or more for a significant number of individuals.Epidemiological data has demonstrated that, there is a strong association between marital disruption and poorer health. This is because of the physiological suffering that the bereaved face, especially when their loved ones depart.ConclusionThe family, functions to fulfill six basic human needs; socialization of children, economic production, welfare for the sick and the elderly, recreation and emotional attachment, sexual relationship regulation and reproduction. Through the ages marriages and family has been used to establish basic patterns of inheritance, authori ty, lines of descents and mate selections.These are some of the commonly accepted descriptions and functions of a family. The changing face of families structure has been as a result of certain factors which includes; the higher   expectations for marriage, higher divorce and remarriage rates, expenses on personal fulfillment avoiding economic concerns and increased single parent families.The primary provisions of a prenuptial agreement are important in a family setting whether the couple trust or mistrust each other. Marital stability and instability is part of normal experiences in marriage and family and the factors discussed in the document contribute negatively or positively towards the family. The various forms of marital disruptions described in this text include; death, separation or divorce. Strong marriages are therefore needed for families to be effective.ReferencesLamanna, M.A and Riedmann, A.2005.Marriages & Families: Making Choices in a Diverse, Thomson Wadsworth pub lishers  Richardson, J., Carol, J.2002.Parent Training Program’s for the Management of children, Psych PublicationsVeroff, J. and Shirley, H.2002.Marital Instability: A Social and Behavioral Study of the Early Years, Greenwood PublishingWeisman, S.2003.A Guide to Elder Planning: Everything You Need to Know to Protect Yourself,FT Press

PUBLIC LAW Master Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

PUBLIC LAW Master - Case Study Example This is more so, under envisaged conditions where there are sufficient reasons to believe that the assembly may cause damage to property and significant interruption of life, besides the risks accruing to people moving around the vicinity of the assembly. "A person who organises a public assembly and who knowingly fails to comply with a condition imposed under the section is guilty of an offence. A police officer can then arrest without warrant any person he reasonably suspects is committing any of the offences under the section" (United Kingdom. 2006). Further, if the law enforcement authorities are of the considered opinion that the purpose of the said assembly is to instil fear in the minds of the high powered Zimbabwean Government delegation, with a view to force them to do something which they are not bound by law to do, or to compel them to do an act, which is not legally enforceable on them, it is well within the jurisdiction of the law enforcement authorities to place suitable restrictions, as deemed necessary. Again, "it allows the chief officer to impose those conditions he believes necessary to prevent disorder, disruption or intimidation" (Public Order Act 1986. 2004). Restrictions as per Part II of the Act Further, under Part II of the above Act, the police chief is empowered to issue notifications restricting: 1. The Number of people, who may take part in the assembly, 2. The location of the assembly and 3. Its maximum duration. In this case it has been seen that, besides restricting the maximum number of people participating in the Assembly to 20, the notice serves also on relocating the Assembly at least 5 miles from GDXS plc's main gates and restricting the duration of the assembly to 2 hours. Since provisions for these regulatory measures have been delineated in the Act, they could be enforceable through the process of law. Under law, "individuals may so or do whatever they please provided they do not transgress the substantive law or infringe the legal rights of others. We are free to do everything except that which we are forbidden to do by law" (Wadham 2003). Human Rights transgression: However, the chief constable has also added two more regulations which are outside the ambit of this Act and they are, that, there should be no public speeches criticising the Government of Zimbabwe, and, in the event of any counter demonstration, or hostility shown towards ProD, the Simpson District Police reserve the right to cancel the demonstration immediately. Therefore, it is well within the jurisdiction of the ProD and its President, Mr. Geoff Edwards to challenge these decisions of the Chief Constable, seeking the right to bar freedom of expression on the part of ProD, and its activists, and also the right to revoke the demonstration. Article 10 of the Human Rights Act, 1998, governs the right of free expression. Under it, it gives" a very important right to hold opinions and express your views singly or in dialogue." Under this Act, the meaning of expression also entails, inter alia, the right to get data from others and also the capacity to express oneself, especially in front of an assembly. (A Guide to

Market Development and the Importance of Economic Development to Essay

Market Development and the Importance of Economic Development to Marketers - Essay Example An Outline of the Stages of Market Development Which a Country Passes In The Process Of Developing Its Market of a Product or Service An outline of the stages of market development that each developing country passes through include; an invention of an apt idea, selecting of the appropriate ideas to apply, building up a preferred idea and verifying its viability, evaluation of the business, Beta testing and market testing, scientific execution, commercialization and new product value (Levitt, 2006, 25). An Explanation of the Stages of the Market Development Which a Country Can Go Through Invention of Suitable Idea Invention of suitable is the first stage in setting up or developing new markets. Organizations have adopted for stage process when operating in the small market. This is made possible because undivided attention is a lad on the customer’s need. A developing country has to monitor the types of ideas it initiates into its daily operation through monitoring and studyin g of consumer needs. Good inventions of ideas lead to quick achievements of the objectives of a firm or an organization. Suitable ideas will determine the marketing policies applied by nations in building new markets (Levitt, 2006, 59). Selection of the Appropriate Ideas to Apply This is the step in which potential ideas are separated from bad ideas. Not all initiatives are inimical; as a result, screening of ideas is done to lead to a positive growth of the organization. A developing nation has its processes passed through appropriate screening and promising ideas put in place for the country to grow positively. The ideas selected should follow the principle of AIDA (Awareness, Interest, Desire and Actions). The principle helps an entity to discern what it requires from a targeted market (Levitt, 2006, 71). Building and Verifying the Viability of a Preferred Idea This is the stage where the best results are taken for implementation into other products that can compete globally to t he other markets, and the proposed are tested. Developing nations passes through this stage since all the process and procedures that they apply in their operation are verified for viability. Evaluation of the Business Evaluation of the business involves a thorough evaluation of the souk like the market size in a particular environment. Evaluation of advertising strategy is a core aspect in the expansion of stable market for a country. Most countries have espoused business evaluation in their system to lessen the process they take in market expansion. Evaluation of the business helps the author clarify some useful notions that may be a hindrance in developing a new market. Beta testing and souk testing This refers to the development of model around a product to make it unique from other products. The profits ad losses accrued are used to resolve the feasibility of the merchandise. Beta testing and market testing are both processes that a country might pass through in an attempt to e xpand its market. Scientific Execution This involves implementation of new resources to improve the operations of resources within an organization. Countries wishing to expand their existing market are bound to bring in new equipments and knowledge required to lead to the growth of the market. Commercialization Commercialization involves the advertising of new products in the market. The product in most instances is unique to the market. Comme